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口袋否決.
口袋否決（英語：Pocket veto）[1]是指总统或其他行政长官不主动行使否决权，以置之不理的方式否决法案。
口袋否決特指一種美國憲政運作現象。
美國國會通過之法案需總統簽署公布才具法律效力，然而總統依法有權行使否決權，不簽署法案連同異議書退回原提案議院覆議，但國會也有權推翻總統否決，若參眾兩院各達全體議員三分之二多數再次表決通過的話，法案即成為法律。如法案送達後十天內總統未簽署也未退回原提案院，法案將自動生效。惟有當法案送達總統後，國會即於十日內休會，總統未簽署亦未退回，則此法案將自動失去其效力[2]，這也就是所謂的「口袋否決」。
註釋
- ^ 在理解上可視為把法案放在口袋裡，讓它過期失去效力；類似中國古代皇帝將奏章留在宮中、不批發執行的「留中不發」。
- ^ 美國憲法第1條第7款末段規定：惟有當國會因休會而無法將該法案退還時，該法案才不得成為法律。
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