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受試者期望效應

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受試者期望效應(英語:Subject-expectancy effect)是認知偏見的一種。在科學實驗中,由於志願人員預期某些測試結果,於是無意識地以某種形式操縱了實驗步驟,或向實驗人員報告他們希望得到的結果。志願人員期望效應能嚴重歪曲實驗結果,因此需利用雙盲方式進行實驗來消除這效應。

有很多實驗經常是受病人期望效應影響而出現奇怪結果,尤其在以人類為對象的實驗。病人期望效應最常出現在藥物測試中,亦稱安慰劑效應。安慰劑效應的典型例子有:病人服用聲稱可以醫治背痛的安慰劑後,表示有關痛症得到舒緩。

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受試者期望效應
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