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压溶

碎屑岩中的压溶示意图。左图为压实前的情况。红色箭头表示最大应力区域。蓝色箭头表示在水溶液中溶解物质的流动(如Ca2+
HCO
3
石灰石环境下)。右图为压实后的情况。在浅色区域,新矿物的生长减少了孔隙空间。
变形的珊瑚石灰岩扁平化,珊瑚的塑性变形及沿着缝合线的压溶都可被容纳。

构造地质学成岩作用中,压溶(英語:pressure solution)指由于压力的作用,岩石中的一些礦物(通常是方解石石英)在高压应力区发生溶解,通过流体迁移,而在低压应力区沉淀,从而造成塑性变形[1]。压容是固体扩散作用的一个代表。

Rutter (1976) [2]回顾了该过程的动力学细节。在此之后,这种动力学已应用于地球科学的许多研究中。

发生

目前已经从仅受压溶影响的沉积岩中发现了曾发生过压溶的证据。最常見的例子是在碳酸鹽岩中發育的與層理面平行的縫合紋理線(英語:stylolite[3]

在構造方面,變形的岩石也顯示出压溶,包括與層理成大角度的縫合紋理線[4]

理论模型

Rutter制定了一个理论模型,并对其进行了最近的数学分析,得出了Fowler-Yang方程[5]。该方程可用于解释压溶发生的过程。

参见

参考文献

  1. ^ Rutter, E.H. (1983). "Pressure solution in nature, theory and experiment". Journal of the Geological Society, London. 140 (5): 725–740. Bibcode:1983JGSoc.140..725R. doi:10.1144/gsjgs.140.5.0725. Retrieved 24 November 2010
  2. ^ Rutter, E. H. The kinetics of rock deformation by pressure solution. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A. 1976, 283 (1312): 203–219. Bibcode:1976RSPTA.283..203R. JSTOR 74639. doi:10.1098/rsta.1976.0079 (英语). 
  3. ^ Fowler, A. C.; Yang X. S. (1999). "Pressure solution and viscous compaction in sedimentary basins" (PDF). J. Geophys. Res. B104 (B6): 12898–12997. Bibcode:1999JGR...10412989F. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.190.7826. doi:10.1029/1998jb900029. Retrieved 24 November 2010
  4. ^ Railsback, L.B.; Andrews L.M. (1995). "Tectonic stylolites in the 'undeformed' Cumberland Plateau of Southern Tennessee". Journal of Structural Geology. 17 (6): 911–915. Bibcode:1995JSG....17..911B. doi:10.1016/0191-8141(94)00127-L
  5. ^ Fowler, A. C.; Yang X. S. Pressure solution and viscous compaction in sedimentary basins (PDF). J. Geophys. Res. 1999, B104 (B6): 12898–12997 [24 November 2010]. Bibcode:1999JGR...10412989F. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.190.7826可免费查阅. doi:10.1029/1998jb900029. (原始内容存档 (PDF)于2022-05-28) (英语). 
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压溶
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