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南部鐵路公司

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南部鐵路公司Southern Railway英语Southern Railway)是存在於1923年至1947年的英國鐵路公司,於英國1921年鐵路法案實施後,由幾家鐵路公司合併而成,其中最大的是倫敦和西南鐵路 ( London & South Western Railway英语London & South Western Railway)、倫敦、布萊頓和南海岸鐵路 (London, Brighton and South Coast Railway英语London, Brighton and South Coast Railway) 以及東南和查塔姆鐵路(South Eastern and Chatham Railway英语South Eastern and Chatham Railway)。[1]路線連接倫敦與海峽的港口、英格蘭西南部、南部海岸度假區域,以及肯特。所轄路線中,最先建築的是1838 年開通的倫敦和南安普敦鐵路,也就是後來的倫敦和西南鐵路。

南部鐵路公司以巧妙運用公共關係與赫伯特·沃克爵士為首的管理結構而聞名。[1] 雖然營運範圍僅有3518公里(2186英里),是四大鐵路公司中最小的,但與其他公司不同之處在於大部分收入來自客運而非貨運。南部鐵路公司建造了當時世界上最大的電氣化幹線鐵路系統和第一條電氣化城際鐵路路線(倫敦-布萊頓)。兩名總機械工程師: Richard Maunsell( 1923 年至 1937 年)與Oliver Bulleid (1937 年至 1948 年),設計了新的機車和車輛,以取代 1923 年接收的大部分車輛。南部鐵路在第二次世界大戰中發揮了至關重要的作用,包括敦刻爾克行動與1944 年的大君主行動。考慮到本路以客運為主,成功完成任務是了不起的成就。

南部鐵路公司開行了許多著名的客運列車,也開行跨越海峽的渡輪列車(倫敦-巴黎和布魯塞爾)。 西部地區的服務以熱門的暑期交通為主。該公司也有獨特的著名塗裝:機車和車廂車架採黑色,主體為鮮豔的孔雀石綠色,配上亮黃色粗體字。 南部鐵路於 1948 年國有化,成為英國鐵路的南部分區( Southern Region of British Railways英语Southern Region of British Railways)。

參考資料

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引用

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  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 Bonavia (1987) pp. 26-28

書籍

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  • Bonavia, Michael R. History of the Southern Railway. London: Unwin Hyman. 1987. ISBN 0-04-385107-X. 
  • Bradley, D.L. Locomotives of the Southern Railway, part 1. London: RCTS. October 1975. ISBN 0-901115-30-4. OCLC 499812283. 
  • Bulleids in Retrospect, Transport Video Publishing, Wheathampstead, Hertfordshire
  • Harvey, R. J.: Bulleid 4-6-2 Merchant Navy Class (Locomotives in Detail series volume 1) (Hinckley: Ian Allan Publishing, 2004) ISBN 0-7110-3013-8
  • Haresnape, B.: Maunsell locomotives (Ian Allan Publishing, 1978) ISBN 0-7110-0743-8
  • Herring, Peter: Classic British Steam Locomotives (London: Abbeydale, 2000) Section "WC/BB Class" ISBN 1-86147-057-6
  • Ian Allan ABC of British Railways Locomotives. Part 2, 1949 edition.
  • Ian Allan ABC of British Railways Locomotives, winter 1958–59 edition
  • Marshall, C.F. Dendy: History of the Southern Railway, (revised by R.W. Kidner), (London: Ian Allan, 1963) ISBN 0-7110-0059-X.
  • Moody, G.T. Southern Electric 1909-1963. London: Ian Allan Publishing. 1963. 
  • Nock, O.S. The South Eastern and Chatham Railway. London: Ian Allan. 1961. 
  • The Railway Magazine (November 2008), Southern Railway souvenir issue
  • Turner, J.T. Howard: The London Brighton and South Coast Railway. 3 Completion and Maturity (London: Batsford, 1979). ISBN 0-7134-1389-1.
  • Whitehouse, Patrick & Thomas, David St.John: SR 150: A Century and a Half of the Southern Railway (Newton Abbot: David and Charles, 2002).
  • Wolmar, Christian. Fire and Steam: How the Railways Transformed Britain. London: Atlantic Books. 2007. ISBN 978-1-84354-630-6. 
  • White, H.P. Regional History of the Railways of Great Britain: Southern England v. 2. David & Charles. 1969. ISBN 0-7153-4733-0. 

外部連結

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南部鐵路公司
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