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卡納提克音樂

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1945年于清奈舉辦的卡納提克音樂演出,圖中左前爲木丹加鼓手,正中前爲歌手,其正後方爲坦普拉琴,右前爲小提琴

卡納提克音樂羅馬化梵文Karnāṭaka saṃgīta)是南印度古典音樂傳統,源自娑摩吠陀等古代印度音樂文化。現今在印度卡納塔卡邦安德拉邦泰倫加納邦喀拉拉邦坦米爾那都邦等地均有流傳,尤其以清奈爲一大中心。

據傳,卡納提克音樂源自普蘭達拉•達薩(康納達語Puraṃdaradāsa)創作的音樂入門教材,後來由「卡納提克音樂三聖」(即蒂亞格拉賈、穆都娑婆彌、霞摩•舍娑帝利)發揚光大,產生了大量廣爲傳頌的名曲。卡納提克音樂的基本概念有:微分音śruti)、音高svara)、拉格rāga,即調式)和塔拉tāla,即節拍型)。

卡納提克音樂以人聲爲主,其他演奏樂器包括旋律伴奏(現今一般用西洋小提琴)、打擊伴奏(一般用木丹加鼓)和持續低音伴奏(坦普拉琴)。其他常見的卡納提克樂器有:加塔姆、堪吉拉、莫辛、維努、維納琴等。

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  • 印度斯坦音樂

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卡納提克音樂
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