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北面官.
北面官,辽朝职官。北面官是契丹旧官制的发展,又称“国制”,用以专门统治契丹和其他游牧民族,掌宫帐、部族、属国之政,与专门负责汉族事务的南面官相对而言。
契丹旧俗崇拜太阳,皇帝坐西向东,官员分立南北,以契丹故有官制为基础,称为北面官。其制辽太祖、辽太宗时已初步形成。辽官制朴实,事简职专,习契丹旧俗,又仿唐制设官。辽太宗南下中原,兼并燕云十六州后,汉人日增,采用“因俗而治”的统治政策,分北面官与南面官两个系统。北面官其中也含有汉制的成分。下分朝官、帐官、宫官、军官、部族官、属国官、边防官、坊场局冶牧厩官等。北面官职繁权重,南面官职简权轻。北面官也各分南北,有北、南宰相府,北、南大王院,宣徽北、南院等。辽代的统治机构有北枢密院和南枢密院,北枢密院主管军政,南枢密院主管民政。
- 中国历史大辞典·上卷.上海辞书出版社.2000
- 中国官制大辞典·上卷.黑龙江人民出版社.1992
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