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人造纖維

人造纖維,又稱化學纖維,簡稱化纖,指各式各樣的化學合成纖維,屬於塑料。包括但不限於聚酯尼龍Spandex等。

化學成分和構造

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以物理力量把化學物質迫過小孔,形成極幼的纖維條。

人造纖維是經過化學方法所製成的纖維,通常可分為再生纖維、半合成纖維和合成纖維[1]

再生纖維常見的有嫘縈,是將纖維素經過化學藥品處理成液體後,再經過紡嘴壓抽成絲;醋酸纖維是將纖維素乙酸處理,生成再生纖維,其具有蠶絲一般光澤,及很好的吸水性,在稀酸稀鹼溶液中安定,易於染色、洗濯、漂白,但較不易傳熱,耐張力較低,因此市售之衣類,以再生纖維與棉或合成纖維混合紡織,以彌補其缺點。

半合成纖維有二醋酸纖維和三醋酸纖維。

合成纖維常見的有尼龍

種類

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再生纖維

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半合成纖維

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  • 二醋酸纖維(Cellulose diacetate)
  • 三醋酸纖維(Cellulose triacetate)

合成纖維

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用途

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參見

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参考文献

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  1. ^ 葉曾欽. 第一章:纖維之種類與性質 (PDF). 國立屏東科技大學. [2013-12-28]. (原始内容 (PDF)存档于2019-07-22). 
  • 中華民國國民中學教科書
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人造纖維
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