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冠長鼻龍屬

冠长鼻龙属
化石时期:白堊紀晚期, 80 Ma
頭骨
无效状况
科学分类 编辑
界: 动物界 Animalia
门: 脊索动物门 Chordata
纲: 蜥形纲 Sauropsida
总目: 恐龍總目 Dinosauria
目: 鸟臀目 Ornithischia
亚目: 鸟脚亚目 Ornithopoda
演化支 禽龍類 Iguanodontia
演化支 橡树龙形态类 Dryomorpha
演化支 直拇指龍類 Ankylopollexia
演化支 硬棘龍類 Styracosterna
演化支 鴨嘴龍形類 Hadrosauriformes
总科: 鴨嘴龍超科 Hadrosauroidea
属: 冠长鼻龙属 Lophorhothon
Langston, 1960
模式種
奇特冠長鼻龍
Lophorhothon atopus

Langston, 1960

冠長鼻龍屬學名Lophorhothon)是一種小型、研究有限的鴨嘴龍超科恐龍,化石是在1940年代發現於美國阿拉巴馬州達拉斯縣的一處露頭,屬於Mooreville白堊組的下層,地質年代為坎潘階早至中期。冠長鼻龍是第一個發現於阿拉巴馬州的恐龍[1]

在1960年,沃·蘭斯頓(Wann Langston)將化石進行敘述、命名,模式種奇特冠長鼻龍L. atopus)。屬名在古希臘文意為「有冠飾的鼻子」;種名在古希臘文意為「不常見的、奇特的」。

正模標本(編號FMNH P27383)包含關節脫落的頭顱骨碎片及不完整的顱後骨骼,都存放在芝加哥菲爾德自然歷史博物館內。正模標本被估計完整身長約4.5公尺。之後,另有研究指出在北卡羅來納州的黑溪組也發現冠長鼻龍的化石,年代也屬於坎潘階。

分類

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自從冠長鼻龍的最初描述後,一直都有學者質疑這個屬的有效性。有研究認為冠長鼻龍其實是原櫛龍的幼年個體[2]。另有研究指出牠是更原始的禽龍類[3],但這假設沒有被普遍接受。更多的學者將冠長鼻龍分類為原始鴨嘴龍亞科恐龍,是所有其他鴨嘴龍亞科的姊妹分類單元[4]。一個2010年的研究,則認為冠長鼻龍是鴨嘴龍超科的原始物種[5]

正模標本

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在1946年,Rainier Zangerl與Bill Turnbull發現冠長鼻龍的正模標本。冠長鼻龍的標本包含少於半個的頭顱骨、數節脊椎、及大部份前後肢,都是由Wann Langston, Jr.所描述[1]。保存下來的頭顱骨骼包括了部份方骨、左下頜、牙齒顴骨淚骨鼻骨眶後骨額骨、前額骨、顱頂骨、方軛骨、以及部份前齒骨。這個標本很有可能經由河流沖入海洋,下沉及埋藏在密西西比河海灣的碳酸鹽沉積淤泥中[6]

參考資料

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  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 Langston, W. The vertebrate fauna of the Selma Formation of Alabama, part VI: the dinosaurs. Fieldiana: Geology Memoirs. 1960, 3 (5): 315–359. 
  2. ^ Thurmond, J. T. and Jones, D. E. Fossil vertebrates of Alabama. University of Alabama Press. 1981. 
  3. ^ Lamb, J. P. Lophorothon, an iguanodontian, not a hadrosaur. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 1998, 18 (3 Abstracts): 59A. 
  4. ^ Horner, J. R., Weishampel, D. B., and Forster, C. A. Chapter Twenty: Hadrosauridae. Weishampel, D. B., Dodson, P., and Osmólska, H., editors (编). The Dinosauria 2nd edition. University of California Press. 2004. 
  5. ^ A. Prieto-Marquez and G. C. Salinas, 2010, "A re-evaluation of Secernosaurus koerneri and Kritosaurus australis (Dinosauria, Hadrosauridae) from the Late Cretaceous of Argentina", Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 30(3): 813-837
  6. ^ Schwimmer, D. R. Late Cretaceous dinosaurs in eastern USA: a taphonomic and biogeographic model of occurrences. D. L. Wolberg, E. Stump, and G. D. Rosenberg (eds.) (编). Dinofest International. Philadelphia: The Academy of Natural Sciences. 1997: 203–211. 
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冠長鼻龍屬
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