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内嗅皮质

内嗅皮质
右侧大脑半球内侧面 (内嗅皮质位于第28、34区域)
右侧大脑半球内侧面(内嗅皮质位于下部红色区域)
基本信息
屬於颞叶
动脉Posterior cerebral
Choroid
静脉Inferior striate
标识字符
拉丁文Cortex entorhinalis
MeSHD018728
NeuroNames英语NeuroNames168
NeuroLex英语NeuroLex IDbirnlex_1508
神经解剖学术语英语Anatomical terms of neuroanatomy

内嗅皮质(英語:entorhinal cortex)又称内嗅皮层,是位于颞叶内侧面的一处大脑皮质,包含海马旁回部分区域[1][2]。内嗅皮质是海马体新皮质之间的主要媒介[1][3]。内嗅皮质具有一系列重要脑部功能,与记忆、空间定位、时间感知等能力紧密相关[2][4][5]

结构

内嗅皮质位于颞叶内侧面,包含布罗德曼系统第28、34分区[6]。其前方有嗅脑沟隔开其它结构,外侧与鼻周皮层相邻,后部上方与后鼻皮层相邻[1]

功能

内嗅皮质与海马体之间联系紧密,二者组成的系统在记忆形成、记忆整合、记忆优化(睡眠期间)等过程中扮演重要角色[4][7]

内嗅皮质还与空间信息和导航相关。2005年,研究人员在老鼠大脑的内嗅皮质中发现了空间环境的神经地图以及相关的网格细胞[8]。2014年的诺贝尔生理学或医学奖授予了相关研究人员爱德华·莫泽迈-布里特·莫泽,以及发现了海马区位置细胞约翰·奥基夫[5]

临床

内嗅皮质是在阿兹海默症老年痴呆)最先影响的脑部区域之一[9]。有研究进一步确定该区域为内嗅皮质后方[10]

图像


参见

参考资料

  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Gaillard, Frank. Entorhinal cortex. Radiopaedia. [2021-06-20]. (原始内容存档于2021-04-20) (美国英语). 
  2. ^ 2.0 2.1 Raslau, F.D.; Mark, I.T.; Klein, A.P.; Ulmer, J.L.; Mathews, V.; Mark, L.P. Memory Part 2: The Role of the Medial Temporal Lobe. AJNR: American Journal of Neuroradiology. 2015-5, 36 (5): 846–849. ISSN 0195-6108. PMC 7990589可免费查阅. PMID 25414002. doi:10.3174/ajnr.A4169. 
  3. ^ Entorhinal Cortex - an overview. ScienceDirect. [2021-06-20]. (原始内容存档于2021-02-04) (英语). 
  4. ^ 4.0 4.1 Schultz, Heidrun; Sommer, Tobias; Peters, Jan. The Role of the Human Entorhinal Cortex in a Representational Account of Memory. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience. 2015, 9 [2021-06-20]. ISSN 1662-5161. doi:10.3389/fnhum.2015.00628. (原始内容存档于2021-06-24) (英语). 
  5. ^ 5.0 5.1 The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2014. NobelPrize.org. [2021-06-20]. (原始内容存档于2018-08-10) (美国英语). 
  6. ^ Insausti, Ricardo; Córcoles-Parada, Marta; Ubero, Mar Maria; Rodado, Adriana; Insausti, Ana Maria; Muñoz-López, Mónica. Cytoarchitectonic Areas of the Gyrus ambiens in the Human Brain. Frontiers in Neuroanatomy. 2019-02-21, 13. ISSN 1662-5129. PMC 6393406可免费查阅. PMID 30846932. doi:10.3389/fnana.2019.00021. 
  7. ^ Takehara-Nishiuchi, Kaori. Entorhinal cortex and consolidated memory. Neuroscience Research. 2014-07-01, 84: 27–33 [2021-06-20]. ISSN 0168-0102. doi:10.1016/j.neures.2014.02.012. (原始内容存档于2017-09-10) (英语). 
  8. ^ Hafting, Torkel; Fyhn, Marianne; Molden, Sturla; Moser, May-Britt; Moser, Edvard I. Microstructure of a spatial map in the entorhinal cortex. Nature. 2005-08-01, 436: 801–806 [2021-06-20]. ISSN 0028-0836. doi:10.1038/nature03721. (原始内容存档于2018-11-22). 
  9. ^ Criscuolo, Chiara; Fontebasso, Veronica; Middei, Silvia; Stazi, Martina; Ammassari-Teule, Martine; Yan, Shirley ShiDu; Origlia, Nicola. Entorhinal Cortex dysfunction can be rescued by inhibition of microglial RAGE in an Alzheimer’s disease mouse model. Scientific Reports. 2017-02-13, 7 (1): 42370. ISSN 2045-2322. doi:10.1038/srep42370 (英语). 
  10. ^ Khan, Usman A; Liu, Li; Provenzano, Frank A; Berman, Diego E; Profaci, Caterina P; Sloan, Richard; Mayeux, Richard; Duff, Karen E; Small, Scott A. Molecular drivers and cortical spread of lateral entorhinal cortex dysfunction in preclinical Alzheimer’s disease. Nature neuroscience. 2014-2, 17 (2): 304–311 [2021-06-20]. ISSN 1097-6256. PMC 4044925可免费查阅. PMID 24362760. doi:10.1038/nn.3606. (原始内容存档于2020-11-05). 
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内嗅皮质
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