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八位元

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電腦領域裏,一個octet是指八個位元(bit)為一組的單位,中文稱作八位元。

法國羅馬尼亞octet 這個字通常是指一個位元組(byte)的意思;當我們稱一百萬位元組(megabyte,MB),在這些地區會稱作 megaoctet bitbyte 在法語裏是異義同音字。

Octet 除了下面提到的唯一例外之外,都是指一個具有八個位元的實體。因此在電腦網路標準中,在byte容易引起混淆的地方都僅使用Octet

標準

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Octets 有兩種不同的前綴,一種為 2 的多次方,另一種是國際單位制(SI,International System of Units)。2 的多次方的格式為國際電工委員會(International Electrotechnical Commission)在 1998 年所制定。

  • kibi 指 « kilo binary » ;
  • mebi 指 « mega binary » ;
  • gibi 指 « giga binary » ;
  • tebi 指 « tera binary » ;
1 kibioctet (Kio) = 210 octets = 1,024 octets
1 mebioctet (Mio) = 220 octets = 1,024 Kio = 1,048,576 octets
1 gibioctet (Gio) = 230 octets = 1,024 Mio = 1,073,741,824 octets
1 tébioctet (Tio) = 240 octets = 1,024 Gio = 1,099,511,627,776 octets
1 pebioctet (Pio) = 250 octets = 1,024 Tio = 1,125,899,906,842,624 octets
1 exbioctet (Eio) = 260 octets = 1,024 Pio = 1,152,921,504,606,847,000 octets
1 zebioctet (Zio) = 270 octets = 1,024 Eio = 1,180,591,620,717,411,300,000 octets
1 yobioctet (Yio) = 280 octets = 1,024 Zio = 1,208,925,819,614,629,200,000,000 octets

SI的前綴為 kilo、mega、giga、tera等,與所有的 SI 單位的表現法相同,都是基於 10 的次方:

1 kilooctet (Ko) = 103 octets = 1,000 octets
1 megaoctet (Mo) = 106 octets = 1,000 ko = 1,000,000 octets
1 gigaoctet (Go) = 109 octets = 1,000 Mo = 1,000,000,000 octets
1 teraoctet (To) = 1012 octets = 1,000 Go = 1,000,000,000,000 octets
1 petaoctet (Po) = 1015 octets = 1,000 To = 1,000,000,000,000,000 octets


源由

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octet 這個詞是從拉丁文希臘文的數字 octo 衍生而來的,意指八。

參考文獻

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八位元
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