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克伦尼军

克伦尼军
ကရင်နီ တပ်မတော်
領導人Abel Tweed[1]
Khu Oo Reh
Aung San Myint
Shwe Myo Thant
活躍期1957年 (1957)[1]至今
总部克耶邦沙都镇区Nya Moe[2]
活跃地区克耶邦
意識形態克耶民族主义
人數500[3]–1,500[4]
隸屬於克伦尼民族进步党
對手国家层面对手

非国家层面对手

戰役、戰爭缅甸内战

克伦尼军緬甸語ကရင်နီ တပ်မတော်,英語:Karenni Army,缩写:KAKnAKiA),是缅甸的一支少数民族地方武装,为克伦尼民族进步党的武装翼。其活动范围为克耶邦东部山区。[5][6]

2012年3月7日,缅甸政府在联合国难民署英国文化协会仰光美国大使馆英语Embassy of the United States, Yangon的国际观察员监督下与克伦尼军签署了停火协议。[7]1995年签署了类似的停火协议,但在三个月内协议被终止。[7]

历史

英国政府在1875年与缅甸国王敏東达成的条约中承认并保证了克伦尼土邦英语Karenni States的独立,双方都承认该地区既不属于贡榜王朝(缅甸王国)也不属于大英帝国。因此,克伦尼土邦从未完全融入英属缅甸。1892年,当土著统治者同意接受英国政府的津贴时,克伦尼土邦被认为是英属缅甸的附属国。[8]

1947年,《缅甸联邦宪法》宣布,三个克伦尼土邦合并为一个邦,称为克伦尼邦。如果邦的领导人对中央政府不满的话,可在10年后脱离联邦。1948年8月,克伦尼领导人U Bee Htu Re因反对将克伦尼邦纳入缅甸联邦而被亲中央政府的民兵暗杀。[8]

自1957年以来,[1]除了1995年的短暂停火之外,克伦尼军一直在与政府军作战,试图建立一个独立的克伦尼民族国家。[6] 克伦尼军还与克耶新土地党英语Kayan New Land Party(KNLP)、克伦尼民族人民解放阵线英语Karenni National People's Liberation Front(KNPLF)等左翼团体进行了战斗,两者如今均与缅甸国防军结盟。该武装被指控招纳童兵,一份未被克伦尼军否认的声明称这些孩子自愿参军,因为他们的父母在克伦尼军和政府军之间的战斗中丧生。[5]

旗帜

克伦尼军队的旗帜
克伦尼族的旗帜,与克伦尼军的旗帜一起使用
克伦尼民族进步党(KNPP)的旗帜,与克伦尼军队旗帜一起使用

参考资料

  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 1.2 KNPP. www.mmpeacemonitor.org. [27 January 2017]. (原始内容存档于2018-12-23) (英国英语). 
  2. ^ Murray, Lucy. Karenni rebels dig in for last stand. Asia Times. [2019-06-01]. (原始内容存档于2017-05-10). 
  3. ^ Burma: Prospects for a Democratic Future, by Robert I. Rotberg. [2019-06-01]. (原始内容存档于2017-08-28). 
  4. ^ Burma center for Ethnic Studies, Jan. 2012, "Briefing Paper No. 1" http://www.burmalibrary.org/docs13/BCES-BP-01-ceasefires(en).pdf页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆
  5. ^ 5.0 5.1 Child Soldiers in Non-State Armed Groups. [2019-06-01]. (原始内容存档于2017-05-10). 
  6. ^ 6.0 6.1 Karenni Army (KA) (Myanmar), GROUPS - ASIA - ACTIVE
  7. ^ 7.0 7.1 Burma: Government, Rebels Sign Ceasefire. UCA News. 8 March 2012 [15 March 2012]. (原始内容存档于2020-10-30). 
  8. ^ 8.0 8.1 Karenni Independence Through Education. [2020-12-19]. (原始内容存档于2020-10-31). 
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克伦尼军
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