For faster navigation, this Iframe is preloading the Wikiwand page for
价值规律.
价值规律(德語:Wertgesetz)是卡尔·马克思的政治经济学批判的中心概念。这一概念参照了大卫·李嘉图的经济学理论,首先在他与皮埃尔-约瑟夫·蒲鲁东的论战性著作《哲学的贫困》被阐明。[1][note 1] 就最一般的情况而言,它是指人类工作产品的经济交换的规范法则:产品在贸易中的相对的交换价值,通常被表示为金钱-价格,是与人类劳动时间的平均值成比例的,生产这些产品的人类劳动在当前社会是必要的。[2][note 2]
因此,商品(可交换的产品)的交换价值的波动是被它们的价值控制的,价值量由人类劳动的平均量决定,生产这些产品的人类劳动在当前社会是必要的(见劳动价值理论和价值形式)。本身,这个定理不难理解,并且直观地对许多劳动者有意义。然而,建立这种思想的理论是一个复杂得多的任务;它使马克思忙碌了超过二十年。[來源請求]
当马克思谈论“价值关系”或“价值比例”时(德语:Wertverhältnisse),他的意思不是“金钱”或“价格”。相反,他的意思是,人类劳动产品之间存在的价值比例。 [原創研究?]这些关系可以表示为产品相对更换成本,作为劳动时间。生产产品消耗了更多劳动,它的价值就更多,反之,生产产品消耗了更少劳动,它的价值就更少。金钱-价格充其量只是马克思的价值关系的表达或反映—准确的或非常不准确的。在市场交易中产品可在他们的价值之上或之下被交易,有的价格与产品价值没有任何关系(马克思的意义上),因为它们不是由人类劳动生产和再生产的可交换物品,或者是因为它们只涉及金融资产的债权。[來源請求]
注释
- ^ See Marx, The Poverty of Philosophy, chapter 1 part 2 [1] (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆) where Marx refers to Proudhon's own"law of value"and chapter 3, titled"Application of the Law of the Proportionality of Value".[2] (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)
- ^ Karl Marx, Capital, Volume I, Penguin, pp. 676–77; Marx, Capital, Volume III, Penguin ed., p. 522.
参考文献
- ^ Takahisi Oishi, The unknown Marx: reconstructing a unified perspective. Foreword by Terrell Carver. London: Pluto Press, 2001
- ^ John Eaton, Political Economy: A Marxist Textbook. Rev ed. 1963 reprinted 1970. p. 29.
{{bottomLinkPreText}}
{{bottomLinkText}}
This page is based on a Wikipedia article written by
contributors (read/edit).
Text is available under the
CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.
{{current.index+1}} of {{items.length}}
Thanks for reporting this video!
This browser is not supported by Wikiwand :(
Wikiwand requires a browser with modern capabilities in order to provide you with the best reading experience.
Please download and use one of the following browsers:
An extension you use may be preventing Wikiwand articles from loading properly.
If you're using HTTPS Everywhere or you're unable to access any article on Wikiwand, please consider switching to HTTPS (https://www.wikiwand.com).
An extension you use may be preventing Wikiwand articles from loading properly.
If you are using an Ad-Blocker, it might have mistakenly blocked our content.
You will need to temporarily disable your Ad-blocker to view this page.
✕
This article was just edited, click to reload
Please click Add in the dialog above
Please click Allow in the top-left corner,
then click Install Now in the dialog
Please click Open in the download dialog,
then click Install
Please click the "Downloads" icon in the Safari toolbar, open the first download in the list,
then click Install
{{::$root.activation.text}}
Follow Us
Don't forget to rate us
Oh no, there's been an error
Please help us solve this error by emailing us at
support@wikiwand.com
Let us know what you've done that caused this error, what browser you're using, and whether you have any special extensions/add-ons installed.
Thank you!