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人造水晶

人造水晶,一般指人造石英晶体,广泛应用于光学电子化学及耐火材料等工业。 人造石英晶体是二氧化硅的晶体,密度2.65,硬度7。

用途

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人造水晶有较好的透光度,可用作棱镜、滤光片、偏振片等光学元件,它具有出众的频率温度稳定性,因此,它在电子技术领域获得了广泛的应用,可制作成各种波体和声表面波震荡器、谐振器和滤波器。[1]

制造过程

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从沙子里选出的洁净、无色的石英,加热到将近2000℃,石英就会结成单晶体,即人造水晶。目前人造石英晶体普遍采用水热法生长,将石英原料和溶剂放入高压釜内,加温至330-380摄氏度,加压到80-150Mpa,在这样的环境中,石英溶解,并且重结晶,从而得到石英晶体。[2]

人造水晶工艺品

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工艺品中的人造水晶一般指高铅玻璃,一般来说氧化铅含量达到24%的玻璃,被称作水晶玻璃,也叫人造水晶,这种人造水晶比一般水晶有更大的比重,更高的折射率(1.545以上),更好的透光率(90%以上),所以经常被用作工艺品的制作。在中国古代,这种人造水晶一般被称为“琉璃”。[來源請求]

参看

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参考资料

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  1. ^ 存档副本. [2009-02-13]. (原始内容存档于2009-08-27). 
  2. ^ 冯志远. 透光本领最强的水晶. 中小学生趣味阅读:化学故事与趣味. 南文博雅. 2015-03-17. 
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人造水晶
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