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亭台樓閣

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亭台樓閣,也作「樓閣亭台」或「樓台亭閣」,常用來泛指東亞傳統園林中供佇足、休憩或觀景的建物。中國建築歷史源遠流長,不同類型的建築物各有不同用途與特點。

構建物

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亭是一種小型的建築物,一般四面敞開,或有牆無門,供人眺望觀景和駐足休息之用。亭的平面有圓形正方形三角形六角形八角形梅花形等等,亭頂多攢尖。中國的亭有悠久的建築歷史,後來發展成園林中重要的景觀。

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台是一種建在高於地面位置或臨水池邊的建築,外觀平整且露天具開放性,如露台。中國傳統的台有用作戲劇表演和操練點兵等兩大主要功能,園林中的台具備供人觀景的用途。台上可有建筑,如鄴城铜雀台;也可無建筑如燕昭王黄金台武汉古琴台等。規模較大的台又稱為「壇」。

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古中國兩至三層高的建築稱「樓」,最早出現於戰國時期用於勘察敵情,後發展為民宅建築群中可供登高望遠的最高建物且造型多樣,第一層多作為廳堂便在外側設計有可繞行建築體的走廊,第二層則只開窗戶不設走廊和門。

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閣與樓造型類似,兩者皆屬兩層或以上的「重屋」結構,差別在於閣的體積比樓小巧。外觀上,閣的四面都設有門窗,外側走廊可供人環繞漫步或遠眺風景;室內則作藏書或供之用,如天一閣藏經閣等。

相關項目

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外部連結

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亭台樓閣
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