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五通神.
五通神或五顯神,據載自唐宋以來,即有此名,一說五通神為邪神,五顯神為正神[1],一般認為為王爺信仰[2]。
- 唐.郑愚《大沩虚佑师铭》:牛阿房,鬼五通,专觑捕,见西东。
- 唐.柳宗元.《龙城录》曰:柳州旧有鬼,名五通。余始到,不之信。一日偶发箧易衣,尽为灰烬。乃为文醮诉于帝,帝恳我心,遂尔龙城绝妖邪之怪。
- 宋.洪迈《夷坚丁志.江南木客》:大江之南地多山,而俗禨鬼,其神怪甚佹异,多依岩石树木为丛祠,村村有之。二浙江东曰五通,江西闽中曰木下三郎,又曰木客,一足者曰独脚五通,名虽不同,其实则一。
- 宋.叶绍翁《武林闻见录》曰:嘉泰中大理寺决一囚,数日,见形狱吏云:泰和楼五通神虚位,某欲充之,求一差檄,言差充某神位,得此为据可矣。如其言,经数月,人闻楼上五通神日夜喧哄。吏乃泄前事,为增塑一像,遂寂然。按:今委巷荒墟多建矮屋,绘版作五神像祀之,谓之五圣。
- 明.田艺蘅《留青日札》云:即五通神也。或谓明太祖定天下,封功臣,梦阵亡兵卒千万请恤。太祖许以五人为伍,处处血食。命江南家立尺五小庙,俗称为五圣堂。然则五圣与五通不同矣。
- 清.褚人获《坚瓠八集.毁淫祠》:苏俗酷尚五通神,供之家堂。楞伽山鼓乐演唱,日无虚刻,河南汤公抚吴,严为禁止。乙丑九月公往淮上,值神诞,画船箫鼓,祭赛更甚于昔。公归闻之,立拘僧至,将神像沉于河。茶筵款待,一概禁绝。
- 清.趙翼《陔餘叢考》三十五曰:钮玉樵谓五通起于明祖,则未必然。按《夷坚志》刘举将赴解,祷于钱塘门外九里西五圣行祠,遂登科。为德兴尉,到任奠五显庙。知为五圣之祖祠也。则五圣之祠,宋已有之。《七修类稿》又谓五通神即五圣也。然则五圣五显五通,名虽异而实则同。《夷坚志》所载,韩子师病祟,请客以符水治之。见五通神销金黄袍,骑马而去。(中略)如此之类,不一而足。而陈友谅僭号,亦在采石五通庙。则五圣者,宋元已有之。而非起于明祖矣。
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