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源水岛

39°55′24″N 116°39′36″E / 39.9232°N 116.66°E / 39.9232; 116.66

2013年5月的源水岛
源水岛附近的规划(《北京城市副中心控制性详细规划(街区层面)(2016年—2035年)》 0402街区规划图则)
从源水岛看正在建设的运河商务区

源水岛(又称源头岛),位于北京市通州区五河交汇处,南侧为运河商务区启动区。五河分别是:

  • 北运河:汉代称沽水、沽河,辽代称白河,金代称潞水、潞河,清代也叫外漕河。金代开始成为首都的漕运通道[1],随着清末铁路的兴起衰落。2015年6月13日,五河交汇处确立为京杭大运河北起点,立下了标志碑[1]
  • 温榆河:北运河的上源,古称㶟馀水。源于昌平北部的东沙河、南沙河、北沙河汇入沙河水库,经昌平、朝阳、顺义进入通州[1]
  • 通惠河:又名大通河、里漕河、通济河。元至元二十九年(1292年)春,郭守敬主持依照金代旧迹开挖,曾可直抵什刹海。旧河道在张家湾与北运河相接,明嘉靖七年(1528年)在吴仲主持下改道,河口移动到现在的位置附近[1]
  • 小中河:发源于怀柔茶坞乡,原为古潞水(白河)淤废故道。
  • 运潮减河:新中国建立后为治理水患挖掘,1963年建成[1]

2006年4月底至8月中旬,通州区政府进行了北运河源水岛整治工程,该工程是北关分洪枢纽改建工程的一部分,在北运河与运潮减河之间新挖连通渠一条[2]。2009年,完全联通[1],形成源水岛。

源水岛上坐落有通县水文站,于1974年迁至此处[3]

参考文献

[编辑]
  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 许辉. 它是大运河的北端点,通州五河汇聚是怎样形成的. 北京日报. 2021-04-22 [2021-04-25]. (原始内容存档于2021-05-10). 
  2. ^ 通州区政府. 水利 通州年鉴. 2008-04-01 [2021-04-25]. (原始内容存档于2021-04-25). 
  3. ^ 北京通县水文站 百年老站谱写水文华章. 北京市水务局. [2021-02-04]. (原始内容存档于2021-04-25). 
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源水岛
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