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乙烯酮

乙烯酮
英文名 Ethenone
识别
CAS号 463-51-4  checkY
PubChem 10038
ChemSpider 9643
SMILES
 
  • O=C=C
InChI
 
  • 1/C2H2O/c1-2-3/h1H2
InChIKey CCGKOQOJPYTBIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Beilstein 1098282
EINECS 207-336-9
ChEBI 48003
RTECS OA7700000
性质
化学式 C2H2O
摩尔质量 42.0106 g·mol⁻¹
外观 无色有刺激性气体
沸点 -48 °C
危险性
主要危害 有毒
若非注明,所有数据均出自标准状态(25 ℃,100 kPa)下。

乙烯酮是最简单的烯酮,分子式为CH2=C=O,室温下为有毒的气体。乙烯酮中两个π键呈正交形式,化学性质十分活泼,可与很多含活泼氢的物质发生加成反应

乙烯酮可通过以下方法制备:

乙烯酮的制备


其与含活泼氢物质反应的机理如下:

乙烯酮反应机理


生成的烯醇互变异构可得到羧酸酰卤酸酐酰胺等,是很好的乙酰化试剂。工业上制取乙酸酐即利用了此反应:

乙烯酮反应


温度升高会发生二聚生成二乙烯酮,再升高则解聚为乙烯酮。可用于储存乙烯酮。二乙烯酮的反应有:

二乙烯酮反应


烯酮也可和格氏试剂反应生成

参见

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参考资料

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  • 邢其毅等. 《基础有机化学》第三版下册. 北京:高等教育出版社,2005年. ISBN 978-7-04-017755-8.


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乙烯酮
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