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丙交酯

丙交酯
IUPAC名
3,6-Dimethyl-1,4-dioxan-2,5-dione
3,6-二甲基-2,5-二氧代-1,4-二噁烷
别名 乳交酯、乳酸交酯
Dilactid
识别
CAS号 4511-42-6((S,S)-丙交酯)  checkY
25038-75-9((R,R)-丙交酯)  ☒N
13076-19-2((R,S)-丙交酯(meso-丙交酯))  ☒N
26680-10-4(三種異構體的混合物)  checkY
95-96-5(三種異構體的混合物 [1] checkY
PubChem 7272
ChemSpider 7002
SMILES
 
  • CC1C(=O)OC(C(=O)O1)C
性质
化学式 C6H8O4
摩尔质量 144.13 g·mol−1
熔点 95 - 97 °C(271 K)
溶解性 水解成乳酸[2]
溶解性 溶於氯仿,甲醇
微溶於苯[2]
危险性
GHS危险性符号
《全球化学品统一分类和标签制度》(简称“GHS”)中有害物质的标签图案
GHS提示词 Warning
H-术语 H319
P-术语 P264, P280, P305+351+338, P337+313
若非注明,所有数据均出自标准状态(25 ℃,100 kPa)下。

丙交酯(英語:Lactide)是由乳酸或其他羥基酸的兩個(通常)或多個分子之間的多重酯化衍生的環狀交酯。根據羥基酸殘基的數量,可被命名為二丙交酯、三丙交酯等。源自乳酸的二丙交酯具有分子式(OCHMeCO2)2。 所有丙交酯都是無色或白色固體。丙交酯來自豐富的可再生資源,並且是可生物降解塑膠的前體。[3]

立體異構

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源於乳酸的二丙交酯有三種不同的立體異構形式存在,因為乳酸是手性分子。這些對映異構體不容易外消旋化。

Chemical structures of three isomers
(R,R)-丙交酯(左上)、(S,S)-丙交酯(右上)和meso-丙交酯(下)

所有三種立體異構體在溶液中存在有機和無機鹼的情況下都會發生差向異構化。[4]

聚合

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丙交酯可聚合成聚乳酸。可產生間規或雜規聚合物,取決於催化劑。由此產生的材料聚乳酸具有許多特性。[5][6]

參考資料

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  1. ^ Sigma Aldrich product page for lactide Retrieved 8th of July 2015
  2. ^ 2.0 2.1 Römpp Online Chemielexikon Version 3.3 aufgerufen am 25. März 2009
  3. ^ Andreas Künkel, Johannes Becker, Lars Börger, Jens Hamprecht, Sebastian Koltzenburg, Robert Loos, Michael Bernhard Schick, Katharina Schlegel, Carsten Sinkel, Gabriel Skupin and Motonori Yamamoto. Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH: 1–29. 2016. ISBN 9783527306732. doi:10.1002/14356007.n21_n01.pub2可免费查阅.  |chapter=被忽略 (帮助)
  4. ^ Shuklov, Ivan A.; Jiao, Haijun; Schulze, Joachim; Tietz, Wolfgang; Kühlein, Klaus; Börner, Armin. Studies on the epimerization of diastereomeric lactides. Tetrahedron Letters. 2011-03-02, 52 (9): 1027–1030. ISSN 0040-4039. doi:10.1016/j.tetlet.2010.12.094. 
  5. ^ R. Auras; L.-T. Lim; S. E. M. Selke; H. Tsuji. Poly(lactic acid): Synthesis, Structures, Properties, Processing, and Applications. Wiley. 2010. ISBN 978-0-470-29366-9. 
  6. ^ Odile Dechy-Cabaret, Blanca Martin-Vaca and Didier Bourissou. Controlled Ring-Opening Polymerization of Lactide and Glycolide. Chem. Rev. 2004, 104 (12): 6147–76. PMID 15584698. doi:10.1021/cr040002s. 
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丙交酯
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