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上二段活用.
上二段活用(日语:上二段活用/かみにだんかつよう Kaminidan katsuyou)是日语文言语法中动词活用的一种。所有活用形的词尾在五十音图中的イ段至ウ段这二段中变化,连体形、已然形、命令形在词尾后接る、れ、よ。口语中同上一段活用。
行 |
基本形 |
活用形
|
词干 |
未然形 |
连用形 |
终止形 |
连体形 |
已然形 |
命令形
|
カ行 |
生(い)く |
生 |
-き |
-き |
-く |
-くる |
-くれ |
-きよ
|
ガ行 |
過(す)ぐ |
過 |
-ぎ |
-ぎ |
-ぐ |
-ぐる |
-ぐれ |
-ぎよ
|
タ行 |
落(お)つ |
落 |
-ち |
-ち |
-つ |
-つる |
-つれ |
-ちよ
|
ダ行 |
閉(と)づ |
閉 |
-ぢ |
-ぢ |
-づ |
-づる |
-づれ |
-ぢよ
|
ハ行 |
恋(こ)ふ |
恋 |
-ひ |
-ひ |
-ふ |
-ふる |
-ふれ |
-ひよ
|
バ行 |
侘(わ)ぶ |
侘 |
-び |
-び |
-ぶ |
-ぶる |
-ぶれ |
-びよ
|
マ行 |
恨(うら)む |
恨 |
-み |
-み |
-む |
-むる |
-むれ |
-みよ
|
ヤ行 |
老(お)ゆ |
老 |
-い |
-い |
-ゆ |
-ゆる |
-ゆれ |
-いよ
|
ラ行 |
懲(こ)る |
懲 |
-り |
-り |
-る |
-るる |
-るれ |
-りよ
|
- カ行上二段活用中的生く原来为四段活用,平安后期开始多用于上二段活用不久就变成了上二段活用。
- マ行上二段活用中的恨む之后变成了四段活用。
- ヤ行上二段活用仅老ゆ、悔ゆ、報ゆ三个词。
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