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頻渣別文

頻渣別文

頻渣別文粵拼pan4 zaa1 bit3 man4;天城字母:ਪੰਜਾਬੀ;阿拉伯字母:پنجابی)屬於印歐話系印度-伊朗話族嘅印度-雅利安支。頻渣別話嘅特別之處係有聲調同埋係黏著語。頻渣別話係印度旁遮普邦巴基斯坦頻渣別省主要用嘅,亦係印度旁遮普邦嘅官。隔籬嘅印度哈里亞納邦喜馬偕爾邦同埋德里都流通。全世界有1.04億人講頻渣別話,當中西頻渣別話佔6.1-6.2千萬,東頻渣別話佔2.8千萬,而Siraiki就佔1.4千萬。

1947年印巴分治時,頻渣別地區嘅文化同話言都受到影響。所以頻渣別嘅話同文化成為推動兩國和平交往嘅一大動力。由於好多頻渣別人移民,頻渣別人係世界上好普遍嘅少數民族,包括喺英國美國加拿大(加拿大第四大,卑詩省第三大)同肯雅

同其他北方印度話一樣,頻渣別話係演化自梵文。頻渣別話又分做西頻渣別話、Lehnda(ਲੇਹੰਦਾ)或Lahnda(ਲਹਿੰਦਾ)同東頻渣別話。Siraiki和Hindko通常都俾人認為係頻渣別話嘅方言。

頻渣別話係錫克教嘅神聖話言,錫克教嘅經典Guru Granth Sahib都係用頻渣別話寫嘅。頻渣別話亦係印巴地區北部流行嘅Bhangra音樂嘅主要話。

現代頻渣別話嘅詞彙受到其他話言嘅影響,其中包括印地話波斯話同埋英文。海外嘅頻渣別人亦都有從西班牙文荷蘭文借來新嘅詞彙。一種新嘅旁遮話分支,稱為Diaspora Punjabi,正喺度發展緊,而且不斷同印度次大陸上嘅頻渣別話出現分別。

頻渣別話有幾套,唔同地區、方言同宗教信仰用唔同嘅字母錫克教信徒傾向用Gurmukhī字母。其他省嘅印度教信徒多會用天城文字母,而巴基斯坦境內嘅頻渣別人多用Shahmukhi。Gurmukhī同埋Shahmukhi字母係頻渣別話最常用嘅兩種書寫字母,亦係官方嘅字母。

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頻渣別文
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