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語系

世界各地主要母語嘅語系

語系粵拼jyu5 hai6英文language family)係對語言嘅第一級系屬分類,靠語言嘅發展演變同埋各種特質(語音詞彙語法等),將似嘅語言歸做同一語系。

語系可以向下細分成唔同語族語支

基本概念

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想像家陣有一個群體嘅人,佢哋喺語言上好均一,成個群體是但攞兩個人嚟睇,佢哋嘅母語都係互通嘅;而家佢哋因為戰亂等嘅原因,其中一部份嘅個體遷徙咗去第度,變咗做兩個群體;因為語言演變嘅關係,過咗幾個世紀之後兩者講嘅話變到好唔同,變到唔再互通,但兩隻話仲係會有好多相似嘅地方;如果有若干隻語言,佢哋係好似上述個例子噉由同一隻語言變出嚟嘅,佢哋就算係屬同一個語系[1]

下圖係日耳曼語族(Germanic languages)嘅分類樹狀圖,圖入面包括咗英文(English)同德文(German)等。

主要語系

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睇埋

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  1. Rowe, Bruce M.; Levine, Diane P. (2015). A Concise Introduction to Linguistics. Routledge. pp. 340-341.
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語系
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