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朱次伯

朱次伯1892年1922年7月3號[1])係粵劇演員,白話粵劇嘅先驅,亦係文武生同粵劇平喉嘅創始人之一。首本戲《三氣周瑜》、《桃花送藥》、《夜弔白芙蓉》。門下弟子有薛覺先

生平

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朱次伯老母吳麗珍係粵劇演員[2],老豆朱基係中國同盟會革命人士[3]。朱次伯10歲入「移風社」,跟牡丹錦、師父福學戲。「移風社」歸入「優天影」之後,朱次伯就喺「優天影」做武生。後來入「祝康年」、「樂其樂」班[4]

1911年之後,朱次伯家道中落,時常飲花酒,做戲無心機,時時交行貨。香港「寰球樂」個班主何浩泉睇朱次伯演嘅武生戲,睇見朱連續幾下「單腳車身」,呢個動作喺省港第啲名班未曾見過,當堂就贊到佢恒,將佢撬咗來「寰球樂」,特登吩咐佢咪又試交行貨[4]。喺「寰球樂」時期,朱次伯演嘅主要劇目有《夜弔白芙蓉》、《山東響馬》、《三氣周瑜》、《舉獅觀圖》、《寶玉怨婚》、《西廂待月》[5]。其中《夜弔白芙蓉》係1920年代頭由朱次伯編劇,朱次伯、新丁香耀主演[6]

1922年7月3號晚[1],朱次伯喺廣州樂善戲院做完戲返屋企,行到去一德路同白糖橋交界,俾人用槍射死[3]。呢劑嘢令到戲班停演[4]

藝術成就

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朱次伯係白話粵劇、粵劇平喉、文武生行當嘅先驅。舊底粵劇唱戲棚官話,係金山炳帶咗白話入來。朱次伯繼續改進,將成齣戲變嗮省城白話,開創咗廣東話粵劇風潮。佢唱平喉,仲係用小武「左撇」運氣方法,胸、腹、鼻三腔共鳴。演《寶玉哭靈》做賈寶玉,小武行當做小生角色,叫樂師降低八度,用平喉唱「怨婚」同「哭靈」兩段曲[5]

朱次伯扶掖後學。薛覺先初時喺「寰球樂」班仲係拉扯,一路跟住佢學藝。後來又俾薛喺大戲度演書僮,佢自己唱平喉,又等薛唱埋平喉,睇得觀眾歡喜,薛自不然有咗些少名氣。多得佢教路同幫扶,薛好快就做到三幫小武,後來仲成咗粵劇界一代宗師[4]

參考

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  1. 1.0 1.1 聞 朱次伯死爲厲鬼. 大漢公報. 1922年7月10號.
  2. 賴伯疆 (1993). 船·紅棉·紅豆 ——粵劇剪影. . 中國典籍與文化編輯部. p. 79-81.
  3. 3.0 3.1 . 中國粵劇網. 2014年1月14號.
  4. 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 劇舞台上的槍下冤魂:死後仍被偏見揶揄(圖). 羊網--羊城晚報. 中新網. 2009年3月15號.
  5. 5.0 5.1 羅偉添 (2015年3月13號). . 中國粵劇網.
  6. . 中國粵劇網. 2014年1月15號.
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朱次伯
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