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擴散激活模型

激活擴散

擴散激活模型英文spreading activation)係 Collins 同 Elizabeth Loftus 嘅一隻模型,用於言語心理學同促發效應嘅,攞嚟說明個腦入便揀選出一隻單詞所涉及嘅過程。個模型基於心理詞庫,個詞庫着構建為神經網絡。相應噉一隻單詞嘅激活會透過同其他詞嘅啲拏褦擴散出去。

激活擴散,根據返 Collins 同 Loftus

個詞網絡嘅各粒綟(紅、熱、火等)形成唨啲概念。各個概念之間啲拏褦(聯想關係)係攞啲檠表示。激活到一個概念之後,再進一步嘅啲概念(綟)嘅揀選會透過各自可用嘅啲聯想關係(檠)擴散出去。

擴散喺所有啲可用嘅方向上都同時噉發生到。透過語義促發,仲可以觀察得到啲經已激活喺度嘅概念喺第二次查問嗰陣搵得到得快啲。所以呢個都係一種心理上嘅緩存機制

文獻

[編輯]
  • J.R. Anderson: A spreading activation theory of memory. In: Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 22, 1983, S. 261–295.
  • A. M. Collins, E. F. Loftus: A spreading-activation theory of semantic processing. In: Psychological Review, 82, 1975, S. 407–428
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擴散激活模型
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