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地震

強烈嘅地震會引起建築物損壞
唔同類型嘅地震

地震粵拼dei6 zan3earthquake)係突然將地表儲起嘅位能放出來嘅現象,而能量係用地震波形式放出來。喺地球表面,好多嘢都會搖動,地面會移動,有時重會有海嘯。呢啲現象好多時都會整死人,財物亦都會受損。

地震可以係天然,又可以係人為。一般嚟講,只要有地震波,就叫做地震。

一般地震都有震級,而且有凈得唯一數字,但可以有好多個烈度。

成因

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地震產生之所以發生,係因為地殼喺板塊運動嘅過程中累積應力,當地殼無辦法繼續累積應力嘅時候,地殼就會破裂,釋放出地震波,令地面發生震動,地震可由地震儀透過對地震波嘅觀察來量測,地震震級表示地震所釋放出來嘅能量大小,地震烈度指地震喺嗰度造成嘅震動程度,地震嘅發生處稱為震源,佢嘅投影至地表嘅位置為震央

地震先兆

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地震到依家仲未可以準確預測到發生時間,但係通常喺地震發生前會有一啲自然現象,特別係較大嘅地震發生之前會有各類異常現象,分咗宏觀先兆同微觀先兆。前者可以由人感官直接覺察,例如動植物、地下水等異常以及地光、地鳴等。後者唔可以用人嘅感官直接擦覺,需要用專業儀器先可以測出,例如地形變、地磁場、重力場、地溫梯度、地應力嘅異常同埋氡氣異常等。對地震先兆嘅觀察同監測仍然係地震短期嘅預報重要手段。

睇埋

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地震
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