极道
 “Yakuza”的片假名书写 | |
| 创建时间 | 17世纪 （可能起源于“倾奇者”） |
|---|---|
| 成员人数 | 25,900人[1] |
| 犯罪活动 | 犯罪活动及/或经营非法企业 |
| 知名成员 | 主要指定暴力团 |
极道（日语：極道／ごくどう Gokudō）俗称ヤクザ Yakuza，指日本社会里从事暴力或有组织犯罪活动的人士或团体。“ヤクザ”这一俗称来自日本纸牌游戏花札（玩法一说是“おいちょかぶ”）的一个最坏组合“八九三”（ヤクザ），或说是指乡里仲裁纠纷的单位“役座”（ヤクザ）而来（因江湖人士总处于纠纷之中）。
通常日本政府和日本警察将其指为暴力团。日本政府又公告了指定暴力团，华人熟知的山口组是其中之一。
流行文化
[编辑]- 《人中之龙系列》
注释
[编辑]- ^ Submission, Internal. Coronavirus pandemic hits Japan's feared Yakuza in the pocket. Telegraph. 13 April 2021 [2021-12-04]. （原始内容存档于2021-12-04）.
参考文献
[编辑]- Bruno, A. (2007). "The Yakuza, the Japanese Mafia" CrimeLibrary: Time Warner
- Kaplan, David, Dubro Alec. (1986). Yakuza Addison-Wesley (ISBN 0-201-11151-9)
- Kaplan, David, Dubro Alec. (2003). Yakuza: Expanded Edition University of California Press (ISBN 0-520-21562-1)
- Hill, Peter B.E. (2003). The Japanese Mafia: Yakuza, Law, and the State Oxford University Press (ISBN 0-19-925752-3)
- Johnson, David T. (2001). The Japanese Way of Justice: Prosecuting Crime in Japan Oxford University Press (ISBN 0-19-511986-X)
- Miyazaki, Manabu. (2005) Toppamono: Outlaw. Radical. Suspect. My Life in Japan's Underworld Kotan Publishing (ISBN 0-9701716-2-5)
- Seymour, Christopher. (1996). Yakuza Diary Atlantic Monthly Press (ISBN 0-87113-604-X)
- Saga, Junichi., Bester, John. (1991) Confessions of a Yakuza: A Life in Japan's Underworld Kodansha America
- Schilling, Mark. (2003). The Yakuza Movie Book Stone Bridge Press (ISBN 1-880656-76-0)
- Sterling, Claire. (1994). Thieves' World Simon & Schuster (ISBN 0-671-74997-8)
- Sho Fumimura (Writer), Ryoichi Ikegami (Artist). (Series 1993-1997) "Sanctuary" Viz Communications Inc (Vol 1: ISBN 0-929279-97-2; Vol 2:ISBN 0-929279-99-9; Vol 3: ISBN 1-56931-042-4; Vol 4: ISBN 1-56931-039-4; Vol 5: ISBN 1-56931-112-9; Vol 6: ISBN 1-56931-199-4; Vol 7: ISBN 1-56931-184-6; Vol 8: ISBN 1-56931-207-9; Vol 9: ISBN 1-56931-235-4)
- Tendo, Shoko (2007). Yakuza Moon: Memoirs of a Gangster's Daughter Kodansha International [1] (ISBN 978-4-7700-3042-9)
- Young Yakuza. Dir. Jean-Pierre Limosin. Cinema Epoch, 2007.
- The 6th Yamaguchi-gumi Inheritance
- The 3rd Inagawa-kai Inheritance
- http://www.7guns-b206.de （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） Yakuza Shop
- The 7th Sumiyoshi-kai Inheritance
- Blood ties: Yakuza daughter lifts lid on hidden hell of gangsters' families （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
- Crime Library: Yakuza
- Yakuza slang
- Yakuza hair style
- Japanese Mayor Shot Dead （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）; CBS News, 17 April 2007
- Yakuza: The Japanese Mafia （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
- "The "Underworld" Goes Underground: Yakuza in Japanese Politics"
(Harvard Asia Quarterly)
外部链接
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