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国际铁路联盟铁路机车轴式分类

国际铁路联盟铁路机车轴式分类(中文又称:UIC分类法,英文:UIC classification of locomotive axle arrangements)是国际铁路联盟为各型铁路车辆,包括铁路机车动车组有轨电车等,按车轮、车轴排列方式而制定的分类方法,在全球多个地方广泛使用。这种分类系统比华氏式别(Whyte notation)更强大,一些不可能以华氏式别分类的车辆,可轻易以UIC分类法进行分类。

华氏式别以车辆的车轮数量进行分类,而UIC分类法则以轴数表示。现时UIC分类法多用于柴油电力机车上,而蒸汽机车则多以华氏式别进行分类。

等国家则使用其他分类方法,例如美国的AAR分类法

解说

UIC分类法以英数及符号,代表车辆的轴数、分布、转向架、动力配置等资料。

大写字母
表示带动力车轴,以 "A" 代表一根独立动轴、"B" 代表两根连续排列动轴,如此类推。
数字
表示无动力车轴,以 "1" 代表一根非动轴、"2" 代表两根连续排列非动轴,如此类推。
小写字母 "o"
代表两根以上连续排列的动轴均独立驱动,多见于柴电机车及电力机车等,每台牵引电动机负责驱动一根车轴。
符号 " ' "
代表车轴置于转向架上。
加号 "+"
代表该辆机车或动车组采用重联设计。
括号
可用于表示同一转向架内的英数代号,以 (A1A) 为例,代表一台拥有三轴的转向架,第一及第三轴带动力,第二轴则无动力。

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国际铁路联盟铁路机车轴式分类
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