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Multics

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Multics
开发者麻省理工学院, 通用电气, 贝尔实验室
编程语言PL/I, 汇编语言[1]
运作状态Mature, Historic
原始码模式开放原始码
首次发布1969
当前版本
  • MR12.7 (2021年7月30日)[2]
编辑维基数据链接
支持的语言英语
支持平台GE-645英语GE-645 mainframes, Honeywell 6180英语Honeywell 6180 series machines
内核类别宏内核
默认用户界面Command line interface英语Command line interface
许可证Originally proprietary,
Open-source Multics License since 2007[3][4]
官方网站Multicians,
Multics Internet Server
仓库 编辑维基数据链接

Multics,名称来自于多工资讯与计算系统(英语:MULTiplexed Information and Computing System)的缩写,它是一套分时多工操作系统,是1964年由贝尔实验室麻省理工学院美国通用电气公司所共同参与研发,并安装在大型主机上。最后一个装有Multics的电脑已于2000年10月30日关闭。通过UNIX,几乎所有现代操作系统都深受Multics的影响,无论是直接 (Linux, OS X)或间接(Microsoft Windows)。

MULTICS以兼容分时系统(CTSS)做基础,建置在美国通用电力公司的大型机GE-645上。目的是连接1000部终端,支持300位用户同时上线。1969年,因MULTICS项目的工作进度过于缓慢,最后终究遭裁撤的命运,贝尔实验室由此退出此项目。当时,肯·汤普逊正在撰写一个称为“星际旅行”(Space Travel)的游戏程序。贝尔实验室退出Multics计划后,由贝尔实验室的两位软件工程师肯·汤普逊丹尼斯·里奇B语言汇编语言为基础而发展出UNIX,1973年汤普逊和里奇用C语言重写了Unix,成为后来普及的版本。通用电气及麻省理工学院仍继续开发Multics,并最终成为商业产品,由霍尼韦尔销售。

参考资料

  1. ^ R. A. Freiburghouse, "The Multics PL/1 Compiler", General Electric Company, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 1969.
  2. ^ https://github.com/dancrossnyc/multics/releases/tag/MR12.7; 检索日期: 2022年9月8日.
  3. ^ http://opensource.org/licenses/Multics
  4. ^ Myths about Multics: Myth: Multics was closed source

外部链接

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Multics
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