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中分辨率成像光谱仪

佛罗里达半岛附近的飓风卡特里娜

中分辨率成像光谱仪 (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer,MODIS)为美国宇航局研发制造的空间遥感仪器,用以了解全球气候的变化情况以及人类活动对气候的影响。1999年随地球观测系统(EOS) 的Terra卫星发射到地球轨道,2002年随另一枚地球观测系统的Aqua卫星升空。该仪器可用36个光谱波段接收数据,波长范围为0.4微米到14.4微米,包含可见光到红外波段。影像分辨率为250米到1公里之间,每1至2日可完整扫描地球表面一次。它们可提供大范围的全球数据,包括云层覆盖的变化、地表辐射能量变化,海洋与陆地的变化过程。

MODIS数据可用性

[编辑]

根据卫星直接广播的能力,原始MODIS数据可用实时跟踪天线收到。[1]

另外,一些互联网上的网站有提供数据下载,如:

大部分数据为HDF格式、HDF-EOS格式[2]或是NetCDF格式[3]

MODIS基本诸元[4]

[编辑]
  • 轨道高度(Orbit): 705公里
  • 扫描频率(Scan Rate):20.3 rpm,交轨扫描(cross track)
  • 覆盖面积(Swath Dimensions): 2330公里(cross track) × 10公里(along track at nadir)
  • 镜头(Telescope): 直径17.78公分,离轴(off-axis),无焦点(afocal),with intermediate field stop
  • 尺寸(Size): 1.0 × 1.6 × 1.0米
  • 重量(Weight): 228.7公斤
  • 功率(Power): 162.5瓦
  • 数据传输率(Data Rate): 10.6 Mbps (peak daytime); 6.1 Mbps (orbital average)
  • 量化(Quantization): 12 bits
  • 空间分辨率(Spatial Resolution): 250米(bands 1-2);500米(bands 3-7);1公里(bands 8-36);
  • 设计年限(Design Life): 6 年

MODIS观测波段[4]

[编辑]
波段 波长
(奈米)
分辨率
(米)
主要用途
1 620-670 250 地表/云层/气溶胶
边缘
2 841-876 250
3 459-479 500 地表/云层/气溶胶
特性
4 545-565 500
5 1230-1250 500
6 1628-1652 500
7 2105-2155 500
8 405-420 1000 海洋水色/
浮游植物/
生物地球化学
9 438-448 1000
10 483-493 1000
11 526-536 1000
12 546-556 1000
13 662-672 1000
14 673-683 1000
15 743-753 1000
16 862-877 1000
17 890-920 1000 大气层
水蒸气
18 931-941 1000
19 915-965 1000
波段 波长
(微米)
分辨率
(米)
主要用途
20 3.660-3.840 1000 地表/云层
温度
21 3.929-3.989 1000
22 3.929-3.989 1000
23 4.020-4.080 1000
24 4.433-4.498 1000 大气层
温度
25 4.482-4.549 1000
26 1.360-1.390 1000 卷云
水蒸气
27 6.535-6.895 1000
28 7.175-7.475 1000
29 8.400-8.700 1000 云的特性
30 9.580-9.880 1000 臭氧
31 10.780-11.280 1000 地表/云层
温度
32 11.770-12.270 1000
33 13.185-13.485 1000 云顶层
高度
34 13.485-13.785 1000
35 13.785-14.085 1000
36 14.085-14.385 1000

参考资料

[编辑]
  1. ^ Direct Broadcast at MODIS Website. [2015-10-14]. (原始内容存档于2020-10-16). 
  2. ^ HDF-EOS Tools and Information Center. [2015-10-14]. (原始内容存档于2015-10-11). 
  3. ^ Unidata Network Common Data Form. [2015-10-14]. (原始内容存档于2015-10-15). 
  4. ^ 4.0 4.1 Specifications at MODIS Website. [2015-10-14]. (原始内容存档于2020-11-11). 
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中分辨率成像光谱仪
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