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L球粒陨石

NWA 869,一块L4-6球粒陨石

L球粒陨石(又称低铁群球粒陨石)是一种普通球粒陨石,亦是第二常见的陨石。大约40%被记载的陨石属于此类,在普通球粒陨石中,L球粒陨石占40%[1]

此类陨石含量较低,占其重量的20-25%,其名字中的“L”代表低铁含量(英语:Low iron abundance,与H球粒陨石相对。约有4-10%的-铁为自由金属,因此这些陨石也具有磁性,但不及H球粒陨石强。

L球粒陨石中含有最多的矿物橄榄石紫苏辉石斜方辉石的一种),还有磁铁矿和镍-铁金属。大部分(超过60%)属于球粒陨石岩石学分类中的第6型,暗示母天体具有足够巨大(直径大于100千米)来产生较强的加热[2]

与其它球粒陨石相比,很大比例的L球粒陨石曾经过严重的冲击作用,天文学家认为母天体曾经历毁灭性的撞击。放射性定年法指出该事件发生于约5亿年前[3]

这类陨石的母天体仍未找到,但爱神星花神星或整个花神星族也有可能。爱神星被发现与L球粒陨石的光谱相似,而花神星族的环境证据则包括:

  1. 花神星族被认为形成于10亿至5亿年前;
  2. 它处于小行星带上一个容易将陨石送到地球的轨道。
  3. 该族小行星S-型小行星组成,其成分与球粒陨石相似;
  4. 花神星族的母天体花神星直径大于100公里。

从前,L球粒陨石曾以其主要矿物而被称为“紫苏辉石球粒陨石”但今已不用。

参考文献

  1. ^ Natural History Museum, meteorite catalogue
  2. ^ Nesvorný, D. et al The Flora Family: A Case of the Dynamically Dispersed Collisional Swarm?, Icarus, Vol. 157, p. 155 (2002).
  3. ^ Haack, H. et al Meteorite, asteroidal, and theoretical constraints on the 500-Ma disruption of the L chondrite parent body, Icarus, Vol. 119, p. 182 (1996).

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L球粒陨石
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