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黑曲霉

黑曲霉
黑曲霉的的分生孢子头
科学分类 编辑
界: 真菌界 Fungi
门: 子囊菌门 Ascomycota
纲: 散囊菌纲 Eurotiomycetes
目: 散囊菌目 Eurotiales
科: 曲菌科 Aspergillaceae
属: 曲霉属 Aspergillus
种:
黑曲霉 A. niger
二名法
Aspergillus niger
Tiegh., 1867

黑曲霉学名Aspergillus niger)是属于散囊菌目曲菌科曲霉属的一种真菌,可生长在土壤、粮食、药材、虫体、枯枝落叶、动物粪便、地下电缆麻、猕猴桃汁、霉腐物及各种材料的基物上。该种分布于中国美国等地。[1]

种加词niger”意为“黑色的”。

工业用途

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黑曲霉被培养用于许多物质的工业化生产。黑曲霉能够发酵生产柠檬酸(E330) 及其他用于食品工业的有机酸,因此有很重要的经济意义。黑曲霉的各种菌株中被用于工业制备的柠檬酸(E330)和葡萄糖酸(E574),并已被世界卫生组织评定为可接受的每日摄入量。黑曲霉发酵是由美国食品和药物管理局根据"联邦食品、药品和化妆品法案"认为是“一般认为安全”(GRAS)的[2]

参考文献

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  1. ^ 中国科学院中国孢子植物志编辑委员会. 黑曲霉. 中国真菌志(第五卷)曲霉属及其相关有性型. [永久失效链接]
  2. ^ Inventory of GRAS Notices: Summary of all GRAS Notices. US FDA/CFSAN. 2008-10-22 [2008-10-31]. (原始内容存档于2008-10-11). 


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黑曲霉
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