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社顶

社顶台湾地名,位于今屏东县恒春镇垦丁里,为排湾族社顶部落所在地,因地居琅𤩝十八社之中最高处而得名,旧称龟仔[注 1]龟阿𠯿[注 2]龟仔律龟𦛨律龟角六,均源自台湾话排湾语地名“Kulaliuc”的音译。

族群

在排湾族传统领域所划的范围中,社顶是自恒春镇的东海岸向西至龙銮潭,由北自门马罗山向南至垦丁海岸及鹅銮鼻半岛[1]。由于地处恒春半岛的边陲地带,使清廷采取禁止汉人移垦为政策,直到1867年(同治六年)发生罗发号事件,之后又于1874年(同治十三年)再发生牡丹社事件,此后的清廷才开始改变政策,积极对当地进行开发、招垦、治理等多项措施,逐渐地使得社顶原本只有居住之排湾族族人,因此出现了闽南客家阿美等族群移入,人口大增[2]

社顶自然公园。
社顶自然公园珊瑚礁岩

生态

垦丁国家公园管理处的规划下,将社顶的居民自原居住地迁出,划设出面积广达128.7公顷的社顶自然公园,以高位珊瑚礁生态及开阔的视野为主要特色。社顶的地质属于更新世石灰岩,主要由珊瑚有孔虫、石灰藻及贝壳所组成,历经长久淋洗而形成中性偏酸的砂质壤土。由于当地的气候干湿季分明,且秋末至春初有强烈的落山风吹拂,因此生长于珊瑚礁岩块顶端植披多呈匍匐状;岩块洼地中之树木则可能出现板根特征[3]

注释

  1. ^ 台罗Ku-á-lut;“”为台湾话常用字,音lut,本意为擦拭。有些1950年代以前的地图讹记为龟仔角龟子角
  2. ^ 经建版地图讹记为龟呵吠

参考文献

  1. ^ 林琼瑶. 半島今昔:恆春半島歷史影像回顧. 屏东县: 内政部营建署垦丁国家公园管理处. 2003. ISBN 9789570161427 (中文(台湾)). 
  2. ^ 李匡悌. 恆春半島的人文史蹟. 屏东县: 内政部营建署垦丁国家公园管理处. 2009. ISBN 9789860204469 (中文(台湾)). 
  3. ^ 王鑫. 墾丁國家公園地形景觀. 屏东县: 内政部营建署垦丁国家公园管理处. 2009. ISBN 9789860209341 (中文(台湾)). 
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社顶
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