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黄廷宝

黄廷宝越南语Hoàng Đình Bảo黃廷寶,1743年—1782年)是后黎朝末期、郑主统治末期的一位政治人物。封爵晖郡公越南语Huy quận công暉郡公)。

黄廷宝原名黄登宝越南语Hoàng Đăng Bảo黃登寶),是郑主的权臣晔郡公黄五福的侄子,后来被黄五福收为养子。根据《皇黎一统志》的说法,他“丰姿清逸,有文武全才”。由于当时执政的郑楹倚重黄五福,他遂娶郑楹的次女郑氏玉彻为妻。

黄五福因为战功日渐拥有威权,有些人认为黄五福会取代郑主的江山。而当时又有“草一田八”之,黄五福“行迹自嫌”,命黄登宝改名黄素履越南语Hoàng Tố Lý黃素履),后来又改名黄廷宝

1774年,黄五福攻打广南阮主的时候,黄廷宝率军随行。黄廷宝倚仗着养父的势力,为众将所畏服;又因为他喜欢收留人才,许多英雄豪杰纷纷前来投奔。在攻打广南的一系列战役中,黄廷宝留下了赫赫战功,声名显著。黄五福死后,郑森命令黄廷宝接替其养父,镇守乂安

当时乂安治安混乱,豪强欺压百姓,私铸钱大量流通。且经常发生饥荒,农民揭竿而起。黄廷宝以裴辉璧为辅佐,抑制豪强,禁止民间私铸钱,开仓赈灾,并发兵清剿盗贼,使境内治安得以稳定。1778年,又平定了乂安境内的叛乱,受封为晖郡公。

黄廷宝的威权受到了一些大臣的猜忌,京北镇守阮克遵多次向郑森进谗,称黄廷宝图谋不轨。黄廷宝内心不安,请求回到昇龙,郑森答应了他的请求。回京之后,黄廷宝为了巩固自己的势力,支持郑森的爱妃邓氏蕙和爱子郑檊,与支持世子郑棕的山西镇守阮侃、京北镇守阮克遵相对抗。

世子郑棕失宠后,在郑森生病期间阴集军士,图谋不轨。郑森病愈后得知此事,大怒,于1780年废黜了世子郑棕,将其党羽斩首;次年又立郑檊为世子。

1782年,郑森逝世,郑檊嗣位。黄廷宝奉郑森遗命,同卿郡公郑桥、院郡公阮俒、珠郡公阮廷珠、泗川侯潘仲藩、棪郡公阮棪、垂忠侯谢名垂七人共辅朝政。

由于郑檊年幼多病,人心不服。院郡公阮俒图谋起兵拥立郑棕,遂奏请太妃阮氏(郑森之母),希望以郑棕为辅政。阮氏将此事告诉黄廷宝,黄廷宝不从。随后郑棕便勾结三府军,发动叛乱,攻打主府。黄廷宝骑象抵抗,为乱兵所杀。

参考资料

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黄廷宝
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