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鲤属

鲤属
化石时期:中新世至今
欧洲鲤 Cyprinus carpio
科学分类 编辑
界: 动物界 Animalia
门: 脊索动物门 Chordata
纲: 辐鳍鱼纲 Actinopteri
目: 鲤形目 Cypriniformes
科: 鲤科 Cyprinidae
亚科: 鲤亚科 Cyprininae
族: 鲤族 Cyprinini
属: 鲤属 Cyprinus
Linnaeus, 1758
模式种
欧洲鲤
Cyprinus carpio
Linnaeus, 1758
多样性
14种现存;10种可能已经灭绝;一种仅发现有化石
异名
  • Mesocyprinus Fang, 1936

鲤属学名Cyprinus)是鲤科鲤亚科下的一个属,欧洲鲤鱼为其模式种。鲤属的鱼类原产于东欧至东亚一带,虽然与鲫属的鱼类有一定相似之处,但实际和其他鲤科的生物比起来并无太近的亲缘关系。[1]

鲤鱼是东亚常见的养殖和食用鱼,此外在东亚文化中也有着很大的影响。鲤属的其他鱼类相对来说就比较局限了,一般只生活在特定的区域内。异龙中鲤等一部分种类甚至已经灭绝。

分类

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锦鲤

本属包含以下物种:

  • 尖鳍鲤 Cyprinus acutidorsalis Y. H. Wang, 1979
  • 洱海鲤 Cyprinus barbatus H. L. Chen & H. Q. Huang, 1977 (可能灭绝
  • 欧洲鲤 Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus, 1758
    • 西鲤 Cyprinus carpio carpio
    • Cyprinus carpio haematopterus
  • 中心鲤 Cyprinus centralus H. D. Nguyễn & Đ. Y. Mai, 1994
  • 杞麓鲤 Cyprinus chilia H. W. Wu, G. R. Yang & H. J. Huang, 1963
  • Cyprinus dai (V. H. Nguyễn & L. H. Doan, 1969)
  • 大理鲤 Cyprinus daliensis H. L. Chen & M. Q. Huang, 1977 (可能灭绝)
  • Cyprinus exophthalmus Đ. Y. Mai, 1978
  • 抚仙小鲤 Cyprinus fuxianensis Yang et al., 1977 (可能灭绝)
  • Cyprinus hyperdorsalis V. H. Nguyễn, 1991
  • 翘嘴鲤 Cyprinus ilishaestomus H. L. Chen & H. Q. Huang, 1977 (可能灭绝)
  • 因莱湖鲤 Cyprinus intha Annandale, 1918
  • 春鲤 Cyprinus longipectoralis H. L. Chen & H. Q. Huang, 1977
  • 龙州鲤 Cyprinus longzhouensis Y. J. Yang & H. C. Hwang, 1977
  • 大眼鲤 Cyprinus megalophthalmus H. W. Wu, G. R. Yang, P. Q. Yue & H. J. Huang, 1963 (可能灭绝)
  • 小鲤 Cyprinus micristius Regan, 1906 (可能灭绝)
  • 三角鲤 Cyprinus multitaeniata Pellegrin & Chevey, 1936
  • 大头鲤 Cyprinus pellegrini T. L. Tchang, 1933 (可能灭绝)
  • 邛海鲤 Cyprinus qionghaiensis Chen-Han Liu, 1981 (可能灭绝)
  • Cyprinus quidatensis T. T. Nguyen, V. T. Le, T. B. Le & X. K. Nguyễn, 1999
  • 华南鲤 Cyprinus rubofuscus :又称青鲤
  • 红褐鲤 Cyprinus rubrofuscus Lacépède, 1803
  • 异龙鲤 Cyprinus yilongensis Yang et al., 1977,异龙中鲤
  • 云南鲤 Cyprinus yunnanensis T. L. Tchang, 1933 (可能灭绝)

化石种

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  • Cyprinus priscus von Meyer,德国中新世地层化石

参考文献

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  1. ^ de Graaf et al. (2007)
  • de Graaf, Martin; Megens, Hendrik-Jan; Samallo, Johannis & Sibbing, Ferdinand A. (2007): Evolutionary origin of Lake Tana's (Ethiopia) small Barbus species: indications of rapid ecological divergence and speciation. Animal Biology 57(1): 39-48. doi:10.1163/157075607780002069

外部连接

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鲤属
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