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鬬宜申.
鬬宜申 楚国司马→商公→工尹 |
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字 | 子西 |
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本名 | 姓:芈 氏:鬬 名:宜申 |
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逝世 | 前617年 |
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国籍 | 楚国 |
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活跃时期 | 春秋 |
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知名于 | 楚国司马 |
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父母 | 父:鬬班 |
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鬬宜申(?—?),芈姓,鬬氏,名宜申,字子西,申公鬬班之子,春秋时代楚国司马。
夔国国君是楚国的宗室,他们不祭拜楚国的先祖,前634年,夔国国君不祭祀祝融和鬻熊,楚国派人去责备他。夔国国君回答说:“我们的先王熊挚(楚国国君熊绎嫡长子)有病,鬼神不肯饶了他,他自我流放到夔国,无法继承楚国的王位,那我们为何还要祭祀?”是年秋季,楚国派遣司马子西与令尹子玉率领楚军消灭夔国,抓了夔国国君回国[1]。
前632年,城濮之战时,子玉率领楚军与晋文公率领的晋军对恃,由子西指挥申、息两地军队为左翼,晋国上军佐狐毛树起两面大旗为讯号,栾枝依照部署命令战车拖曳着树枝后撤,掀起尘土佯装败逃。子玉不顾劝阻,令子西追赶晋军。冒进的楚军左翼完全暴露,遭晋军先轸、郤溱的中军横击;同时,狐毛、狐偃佯退的上军回兵夹攻子西左军,楚左军被晋军撃溃[2]。战后,子西欲引咎上吊自尽,恰好遇上带着楚成王赦令的使者赶到,阻止了他自杀。
城濮之战后,楚成王贬子西为商公。后来子西偷入郢都被发现,于是再被贬为工尹。太子商臣弑父即位后是为楚穆王。前617年,子西又联合族人仲归(子家)意欲谋弑穆王未遂而被杀[3]。
- ^ 《春秋左氏传 僖公二十六年》:夔子不祀祝融与鬻熊,楚人让之,对曰:‘我先王熊挚有疾,鬼神弗赦,而自窜于夔,吾是以失楚,又何祀焉?’秋,楚成得臣、斗宜申,帅师灭夔以夔子归。
- ^ 《春秋左氏传 僖公二十八年》:狐毛设二旆而退之,栾枝使舆曳柴而伪遁,楚师驰之,原轸,郤溱,以中军公族横击之,狐毛,狐偃,以上军夹攻子西,楚左师溃,
- ^ 《春秋左氏传 文公十年》:楚范巫矞似,谓成王,与子玉,子西,曰,三君皆将强死,城濮之役,王思之,故使止子玉曰,毋死,不及,止子西,子西缢而县绝,王使适至,遂止之,使为商公,沿汉溯江,将入郢,王在渚宫,下见之,惧而辞曰,臣免于死,又有谗言,谓臣将逃,臣归死于司败也,王使为工尹,又与子家谋弑穆王,穆王闻之,五月,杀斗宜申,及仲归,
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