高原鳅属
高原鳅属
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| 达里湖高原鳅 Triplophysa dalaica | |
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| 斯氏高原鳅 Triplophysa stolickai | |
科学分类 
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| 界： | 动物界 Animalia |
| 门： | 脊索动物门 Chordata |
| 纲： | 辐鳍鱼纲 Actinopteri |
| 目： | 鲤形目 Cypriniformes |
| 科： | 条鳅科 Nemacheilidae |
| 属： | 高原鳅属 Triplophysa Rendahl, 1933 |
| 模式种 | |
| 忽吉图高原鳅 Triplophysa hutjertjuensis Rendahl, 1933
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高原鳅属（学名：Triplophysa）是鲤形目条鳅科一属，主要分布在青藏高原、亚洲中部及其周边海拔较高水域，是世界上已知唯一可分布到海拔5000m以上的鱼类属。[1][2] 高原鳅属鱼类与鲤科裂腹鱼亚科鱼类构成了青藏高原鱼类区系的主体。[3]
分类研究简史
早期报道的高原鳅属物种被归入了条鳅属（Nemacheilus）。1933年，德国学者赫尔玛·伦达尔以显著的雄性第二特征为依据，以忽吉图高原鳅（Triplophysa hutjertjuensis）作为模式种，建立了高原鳅亚属。1975年罗马尼亚学者彼得·米哈伊·伯讷雷斯库和特奥多尔·T·纳尔班特将高原鳅亚属提升为属。之后条鳅属大部分种类被归入本属。[4]
种类
根据世界鱼类数据库（FishBase）记录，截止2022年3月8日收录本属147种：[5]
- 康定高原鳅 Triplophysa alexandrae Prokofiev, 2001，亚历山大高原鳅
- 阿里高原鳅 Triplophysa aliensis (Wu & Zhu, 1979)
- 隆头高原鳅 Triplophysa alticeps (Herzenstein, 1888)
- 高鳍高原鳅 Triplophysa altipinnis Prokofiev, 2003
- 阿庐高原鳅 Triplophysa aluensis Li & Zhu, 2000
- 安氏高原鳅 Triplophysa angeli (Fang, 1941)
- 安龙高原鳅 Triplophysa anlongensis Song, Luo, Lan, Zhao, Xiao & Zhou, 2023[6]
- 前鳍高原鳅 Triplophysa anterodorsalis Zhu & Cao, 1989
- 水绿高原鳅 Triplophysa aquaecaeruleae Prokofiev, 2001
- 阿氏高原鳅 Triplophysa arnoldii Prokofiev, 2006
- 保田高原鳅 Triplophysa baotianensis Li, Li, Liu et Li [7]
- 巴山高原鳅 Triplophysa bashanensis Xu & Wang, 2009
- 贝氏高原鳅 Triplophysa bleekeri (Sauvage & Dabry de Thiersant, 1874)，勃氏高原鳅
- 隆额高原鳅 Triplophysa bombifrons (Herzenstein, 1888)
- 短鳍高原鳅 Triplophysa brachyptera (Herzenstein, 1888)
- 布氏高原鳅 Triplophysa brahui (Zugmayer, 1912)
- 短须高原鳅 Triplophysa brevibarba Ding, 1993
- 短尾高原鳅 Triplophysa brevicauda (Herzenstein, 1888)
- 茶卡高原鳅 Triplophysa cakaensis Cao & Zhu, 1988
- 册亨高原鳅 Triplophysa cehengensis Luo, Mao, Zhao, Xiao & Zhou, 2023[6]
- 俄罗斯高原鳅 Triplophysa chandagaitensis Prokofiev, 2002
- 软口高原鳅 Triplophysa chondrostoma (Herzenstein, 1888)
- 肃氏高原鳅 Triplophysa choprai (Hora, 1934)
- 尖鳍高原鳅 Triplophysa coniptera (Turdakov, 1954)
- 厚尾高原鳅 Triplophysa crassicauda (Herzenstein, 1888)，糙尾高原鳅
- 粗唇高原鳅 Triplophysa crassilabris Ding, 1994
- 尖头高原鳅 Triplophysa cuneicephala (Shaw & Tchang, 1931)
- 达里湖高原鳅 Triplophysa dalaica (Kessler, 1876)
- 稻城高原鳅 Triplophysa daochengensis Wu, Sun & Guo, 2016
- 大桥高原鳅 Triplophysa daqiaoensis Ding, 1993
- 索赫高原鳅 Triplophysa daryoae Sheraliev, Kayumova & Peng, 2022
- 峒敢高原鳅 Triplophysa dongganensis Yang, 2013
- 黑背高原鳅 Triplophysa dorsalis (Kessler, 1872)
- 贪食高原鳅 Triplophysa edsinica Prokofiev, 2003
- 红盲高原鳅 Triplophysa erythraea [8]
- 尤金氏高原鳅 Triplophysa eugeniae Prokofiev, 2002
- 法氏高原鳅 Triplophysa farwelli (Hora, 1935)
- 凤山高原鳅 Triplophysa fengshanensis Lan, 2013
- 费尔干纳高原鳅 Triplophysa ferganaensis Sheraliev & Peng, 2021
- 黄体高原鳅 Triplophysa flavicorpus Yang, Chen & Lan, 2004
- 暗色高原鳅 Triplophysa furva Zhu, 1992
- 抚仙高原鳅 Triplophysa fuxianensis Yang & Chu, 1990
- 个旧高原鳅 Triplophysa gejiuensis (Chu & Chen, 1979)[9]
- 改则高原鳅 Triplophysa gerzeensis Cao & Zhu, 1988
- 灰高原鳅 Triplophysa gracilis (Day, 1877)
- 昆明高原鳅 Triplophysa grahami (Regan, 1906)
- 格林南鳅 Schistura greenei Endruweit 2017 [10]
- 格氏高原鳅 Triplophysa griffithii (Günther, 1868)
- 冈氏高原鳅 Triplophysa gundriseri Prokofiev, 2002
- 哈扎拉高原鳅 Triplophysa hazaraensis (Omer & Mirza, 1975)
- 赫氏高原鳅 Triplophysa herzensteini (Berg, 1909)
- 河西高原鳅 Triplophysa hexiensis (Zhao & Wang, 1988)
- 郃阳高原鳅 Triplophysa heyangensis Zhu, 1992
- 希氏高原鳅 Triplophysa hialmari Prokofiev, 2001
- 酒泉高原鳅 Triplophysa hsutschouensis (Rendahl, 1933)
- 环江高原鳅 Triplophysa huanjiangensis Yang, Wu & Lan, 2011[11]
- 花坪高原鳅 Triplophysa huapingensis Zheng, Yang & Chen, 2012
- 忽吉图高原鳅 Triplophysa hutjertjuensis (Rendahl, 1933)
- 蛰栖高原鳅 Triplophysa incipiens (Herzenstein, 1888)
- 中间高原鳅 Triplophysa intermedia (Kessler, 1876)
- 剑川高原鳅 Triplophysa jianchuanensis Zheng, Du, Chen & Yang, 2010
- 佳荣高原鳅 Triplophysa jiarongensis Lin, Li & Song, 2012[12]
- 卡菲氏高原鳅 Triplophysa kafirnigani (Turdakov, 1948)
- 喀什米尔高原鳅 Triplophysa kashmirensis (Hora, 1922)
- 卡氏高原鳅 Triplophysa kaznakowi Prokofiev, 2004
- 库曼高原鳅 Triplophysa kullmanni Bănărescu, Nalbant & Ladiges, 1975
- 伊犁高原鳅 Triplophysa kungessana (Kessler, 1879)
- 唇高原鳅 Triplophysa labiata (Kessler, 1874)
- 拉丘氏高原鳅 Triplophysa lacusnigri (Berg, 1928)
- 湖高原鳅 Triplophysa lacustris Yang & Chu, 1990
- 拉达克高原鳅 Triplophysa ladacensis (Günther, 1868)
- 浪平高原鳅 Triplophysa langpingensis Yang, 2013
- 侧斑高原鳅 Triplophysa laterimaculata Li, Liu & Yang, 2007
- 侧头高原鳅 Triplophysa laticeps Zhou & Cui, 1997
- 梭形高原鳅 Triplophysa leptosoma (Herzenstein, 1888)
- 里湖高原鳅 Triplophysa lihuensis Wu, Yang & Lan, 2012
- 理县高原鳅 Triplophysa lixianensis He, Song & Zhang, 2008
- 蛇形高原鳅 Triplophysa longianguis Wu & Wu, 1984
- 长须盲高原鳅 Triplophysa longibarbata (Chen, Yang, Sket & Aljancic, 1998)
- 长鳍高原鳅 Triplophysa longipectoralis Zheng, Du, Chen & Yang, 2009
- 龙里高原鳅 Triplophysa longliensis Ren, Yang & Chen, 2012
- 罗城高原鳅 Triplophysa luochengensis Li, Lan, Chen & Du, 2017[13]
- 大头高原鳅 Triplophysa macrocephala Yang, Wu & Yang, 2012
- 大斑高原鳅 Triplophysa macromaculata Yang, 1990
- 大眼高原鳅 Triplophysa macrophthalma Zhu & Guo, 1985
- 麻尔柯高原鳅 Triplophysa markehenensis (Zhu & Wu, 1981)，玛柯河高原鳅
- 石纹高原鳅 Triplophysa marmorata (Heckel, 1838)
- 细眼高原鳅 Triplophysa microphthalma (Kessler, 1879)
- 小鳔高原鳅 Triplophysa microphysa (Fang, 1935)
- 小眼高原鳅 Triplophysa microps (Steindachner, 1866)
- 小体高原鳅 Triplophysa minuta (Li, 1966)
- 岷县高原鳅 Triplophysa minxianensis (Wang & Zhu, 1979)
- 墨曲高原鳅 Triplophysa moquensis Ding, 1994
- 南丹高原鳅 Triplophysa nandanensis Lan, Yang & Chen, 1995
- 南盘江高原鳅 Triplophysa nanpanjiangensis (Zhu & Cao, 1988)
- 大鼻高原鳅 Triplophysa nasalis (Kessler, 1876)
- 鼻须高原鳅 Triplophysa nasobarbatula Wang & Li, 2001
- 纳氏高原鳅 Triplophysa naziri (Ahmad & Mirza, 1963)
- 宁蒗高原鳅 Triplophysa ninglangensis Wu & Wu, 1988
- 怒江高原鳅 Triplophysa nujiangensa Chen, Cui & Yang, 2004
- 黑体高原鳅 Triplophysa obscura Wang, 1987
- 钝吻高原鳅 Triplophysa obtusirostra Wu & Wu, 1988
- 东方高原鳅 Triplophysa orientalis (Herzenstein, 1888)
- 盘州高原鳅 Triplophysa panzhouensis Yu, Luo, Lan, Xiao & Zhou, 2023[6]
- 粒唇高原鳅 Triplophysa papillosolabiata (Kessler, 1879)
- 黄河高原鳅 Triplophysa pappenheimi (Fang, 1935)
- 塔拉斯高原鳅 Triplophysa paradoxa (Turdakov, 1955)
- 奇异南鳅 Schistura paraxena Endruweit, 2017[14]
- 小高原鳅 Triplophysa parvus Chen, Li & Yang, 2009
- 佩达氏高原鳅 Triplophysa pedaschenkoi (Berg, 1931)
- 多带高原鳅 Triplophysa polyfasciata Ding, 1996
- 拟硬刺高原鳅 Triplophysa pseudoscleroptera (Zhu & Wu, 1981)
- 拟细尾高原鳅 Triplophysa pseudostenura He, Zhang & Song, 2012
- 祁连高原鳅 Triplophysa qilianensis Li, Chen & Hu, 2015
- 丘北高原鳅 Triplophysa qiubeiensis Li & Yang, 2008[15]
- 甘肃高原鳅 Triplophysa robusta (Kessler, 1876)，粗壮高原鳅
- 冗渡高原鳅 Triplophysa rongduensis Mao, Zhao, Yu, Xiao & Zhou, 2023[6]
- 玫瑰高原鳅 Triplophysa rosa Chen & Yang, 2005
- 红异高原鳅 Triplophysa rossoperegrinatorum Prokofiev, 2001
- 圆腹高原鳅 Triplophysa rotundiventris (Wu & Chen, 1979)
- 挖颔高原鳅 Triplophysa scapanognatha Prokofiev, 2007
- 硬鳍高原鳅 Triplophysa scleroptera (Herzenstein, 1888)
- 赛丽高原鳅 Triplophysa sellaefer (Nichols, 1925)
- 截尾高原鳅 Triplophysa sewerzowi (Nikolskii, 1938)
- 陕西高原鳅 Triplophysa shaanxiensis Chen, 1987
- 印度高原鳅 Triplophysa shehensis Tilak, 1987
- 石林盲高原鳅 Triplophysa shilinensis Chen & Yang, 1992
- 石羊河高原鳅 Triplophysa shiyangensis (Zhao & Wang, 1983)
- 拟鲶高原鳅 Triplophysa siluroides (Herzenstein, 1888)
- 细尾高原鳅 Triplophysa stenura (Herzenstein, 1888)
- 刺突高原鳅 Triplophysa stewarti (Hora, 1922)，异尾高原鳅
- 斯氏高原鳅 Triplophysa stolickai (Steindachner, 1866)，也拼作T. stoliczkae，T. stoliczkai[16]
- 黑斑高原鳅 Triplophysa strauchii (Kessler, 1874)
- 唐古拉高原鳅 Triplophysa tanggulaensis (Zhu, 1982)
- 窄尾高原鳅 Triplophysa tenuicauda (Steindachner, 1866)
- 长身高原鳅 Triplophysa tenuis (Day, 1877)
- 天峨高原鳅 Triplophysa tianeensis Chen, Cui & Yang, 2004
- 田林高原鳅 Triplophysa tianlinensis Li, Li, Lan & Du, 2016[17]
- 天星高原鳅 Triplophysa tianxingensis Yang, Li & Chen, 2016[18]
- 西藏高原鳅 Triplophysa tibetana (Regan, 1905)
- 特氏高原鳅 Triplophysa trewavasae Mirza & Ahmad, 1990
- 吐鲁番高原鳅 Triplophysa turpanensis Wu & Wu, 1992
- 裸高原鳅 Triplophysa ulacholica (Anikin, 1905)
- 秀丽高原鳅 Triplophysa venusta Zhu & Cao, 1988
- 歪思汉高原鳅 Triplophysa waisihani Cao & Zhang, 2008
- 武威高原鳅 Triplophysa wuweiensis (Li & Chang, 1974)
- 响水箐高原鳅 Triplophysa xiangshuingensis Li, 2004
- 湘西盲高原鳅 Triplophysa xiangxiensis (Yang, Yuan & Liao, 1986)
- 西昌高原鳅 Triplophysa xichangensis Zhu & Cao, 1989
- 西畴高原鳅 Triplophysa xichouensis Liu, Pan, Yang et Chen, 2017 [19]
- 兴山高原鳅 Triplophysa xingshanensis (Yang & Xie, 1983)
- 西溪高原鳅 Triplophysa xiqiensis Ding & Lai, 1996
- 姚氏高原鳅 Triplophysa yaopeizhii Xu, Zhang & Cai, 1995
- 南亚高原鳅 Triplophysa yasinensis (Alcock, 1898)
- 云南高原鳅 Triplophysa yunnanensis Yang, 1990
- 青海高原鳅 Triplophysa zaidamensis (Kessler, 1876)
- 巨头高原鳅 Triplophysa zamegacephala (Zhao, 1985)
- 赵氏高原鳅 Triplophysa zhaoi Prokofiev, 2006
- 贞丰高原鳅 Triplophysa zhenfengensis Wang & Li, 2001
参考文献
- ^ 肖海; 代应贵. 中国高原鳅属多样性研究概述[J]. 水产科学. 2011, 30 (1): 53–57 [2022-03-08]. （原始内容存档于2022-03-08）.
- ^ 何长才.两种海拔最高的鱼类及其分布[J].四川动物,1996(03):116-117. [2022-08-20]. （原始内容存档于2022-06-15）.
- ^ 高原鳅属Triplophysa鱼类的分子系统发育和生物地理学研究
- ^ 何春林; 宋昭彬; 张鹗. 中国高原鳅属鱼类及其分类研究现状[J]. 四川动物. 2011, 30 (1): 150–155 [2022-03-08]. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-7083.20111.01.038. （原始内容存档于2022-03-08）.
- ^ Triplophysa. fishbase. [2022-03-08]. （原始内容存档于2022-03-08）.
- ^ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 Tao Luo, Ming-Le Mao, Chang-Ting Lan, Ling-Xing Song, Xin-Rui Zhao, Jing Yu, Xing-Liang Wang, Ning Xiao, Jia-Jun Zhou and Jiang Zhou. 2023. Four New hypogean Species of the Genus Triplophysa (Osteichthyes, Cypriniformes, Nemacheilidae) from Guizhou Province, Southwest China, based on molecular and morphological data. ZooKeys. 1185: 43-81. DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1185.105499
- ^ 贵州省洞穴高原鳅属一新种. NSII. [2023-02-18]. （原始内容存档于2023-02-18）.
- ^ Huang T F , Zhang P L , Huang X L , et al. 中国洞穴盲鳅一新种——红盲高原鳅Triplophysa erythraea sp.nov.（鲤形目：条鳅科）[J]. Zoological Research, 2019, 40(4).
- ^ 褚新洛, 陈银瑞. 地下河中盲鱼一新种——个旧盲条鳅[J]. 动物学报, 1979(03):98-100.
- ^ Endruweit M. 2017. A new Schistura from the Salween basin in western Yunnan (Teleostei: Nemacheilidae). Zootaxa 4243(2): 394-400.
- ^ 杨剑, 吴铁军, 蓝家湖. 中国广西盲鳅一新种——环江高原鳅[J]. 动物学研究, 2011, 32(5):6.
- ^ 林昱. 中国贵州省穴居盲鳅—新种:佳荣盲高原鳅(鲤形目:爬鳅科)[J]. 上海海洋大学研究生部, 2012.
- ^ J. Li, J. H. Lan, X. Y. Chen and L. N. Du. 2017. Description of Triplophysa luochengensis sp. nov. (Teleostei: Nemacheilidae) from A Karst Cave in Guangxi, China. Journal of Fish Biology. DOI: 10.1111/jfb.13364
- ^ Endruweit M. 2017. A new Schistura from the Pearl River in Guangxi, China (Teleostei: Nemacheilidae). Zootaxa, 4277(1): 144-150.
- ^ 李维贤, 杨洪福, 陈宏,等. 中国云南高原鳅属洞穴盲鱼一新种——邱北盲高原鳅[J]. 动物学研究, 2008, 29(6):5.
- ^ 高原鱼类进化与功能基因组学学科组在高原鳅属鱼类趋同进化研究中取得进展. 中科院三江源国家公园研究院. [2023-02-18]. （原始内容存档于2023-02-18）.
- ^ Li J, Li XH, Lan JH & Du LN. 2017. A new troglobitic loach Triplophysa tianlinensis (Teleostei: Nemacheilidae) from Guangxi, China. Ichthyol Res, 64: 295-300.
- ^ Yang HF, Li WX & Chen ZM. 2016. A new cave species of the genus Triplophysa from Yunnan, China. Zoological Research, 37(5): 296-300.
- ^ Liu SW, Pan XF, Yang JX & Chen XY. 2017. A new cave-dwelling loach, Triplophysa xichouensis sp. nov. (Teleostei Nemacheilidae) from Yunnan, China. Journal of Fish Biology, 90: 834-846.
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