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马蹄湾 (西温哥华)

马蹄湾在大温哥华地区的位置
马蹄湾一景(图右为卑诗渡轮码头)

马蹄湾(英语:Horseshoe Bay)是加拿大不列颠哥伦比亚省西温哥华一个小海湾和社区,约有1000名居民。[1]该区座落西温的最西处,濒临豪湾,并且是不列颠哥伦比亚省1号公路横加公路大温哥华段的西端。不列颠哥伦比亚省99号公路从东面掠过马蹄湾,向北通往狮子湾威士拿等地。卑诗渡轮公司亦于马蹄湾设有一个大型渡轮码头,服务前往乃磨阳光海岸英语Sunshine Coast, British Columbia宝云岛的航线;每年使用此渡轮码头的汽车达250万架次,年度人流更达700万人次。[1]

英国皇家海军于19世纪在豪湾一带进行勘察时,以沿岸白色的峭壁将马蹄湾以西的小半岛命名为“白崖角”(White Cliff Point)。后来一名叫亚尔伯·怀特(Albert Whyte)的上校在该处买地,并于1909年联同查尔斯·塔珀在此建立白崖镇址。太平洋大东方铁路于1914年开通至此,怀特上校便乘机成功游说铁路公司将车站的名称从“White Cliff”改拼为“Whytecliff”。然而,当地民众却以海湾的形状将该带称为“Horseshoe Bay”,“Whytecliff”一名则不被广泛使用,因此区内邮局的名称于1942年从“Whytecliff”改为“Horseshoe Bay”。[2]

马蹄湾一带早期交通不便,因此人烟稀少。丹·塞威尔于1931年在马蹄湾建立一个小艇码头后,该区的常住人口才有所上升。前往乃磨的黑球渡轮航线从1950年代起停靠马蹄湾,而连接马蹄湾和斯阔米甚英语Squamish, British Columbia的铁路线也于同期开通,令马蹄湾的对外交通有所改善。卑诗渡轮于1960年在马蹄湾建立码头后,更巩固其大温地区对外门户的地位。[1]

参考资料

  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Snyders, Tom; O'Rourke, Jennifer. Namely Vancouver: A Hidden History of Vancouver Place Names. Arsenal Pulp Press. 2002: 139. ISBN 9781551520773. 
  2. ^ BC Geographical Names: Horseshoe Bay (Community). GeoBC. [2014-01-26]. (原始内容存档于2016-03-05). 页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆

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马蹄湾 (西温哥华)
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