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音数

音程中包含的全音和半音的数量,就叫音数。

  • 全音的音数是1。
  • 音数为1的一度称为倍增一度。如D—D#,F—F双升,A#—A,B双降—B等。
  • 音数为1的二度称为大二度。如:B—C#,E—F,B—A,D—E,A#-G#等。
  • 半音的音数是2分之1。
  • 音数为2分之1的一度称为增一度。如C—C#,D—D,F#—F双升,A—A双降等。
  • 音数为2分之1的二度称为小二度。如:B—C,E—F,C#—D,D—E,G—A等。

半音

键盘乐器上,相邻的两个音就构成半音关系。

半音只能指两个音之间的关系,一个音是无法称为半音的。半音分为自然半音和变化半音两种。

  • 自然半音就是由相邻的基本音级及它们的变化音级构成的半音,如B—C,E—F,C—D,G—A,Fx—G#等。

自然半音在音程上称为小二度。

  • 变化半音就是某一个基本音级和它自己的变化音级构成的半音,如C—C#,D—D,F#—Fx,A—A双降等。

变化半音在音程上称为增一度。

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音数
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