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陆性率

陆性率,又称大陆度[1][2][3],是用来量度大陆性气候海洋气候之间的分别,即在陆地与海洋温度的上升幅度差别。这种差别是因陆地较低的比热容蒸发率。[4]

陆地表面的加热或冷却只在一薄层上发生,其深度取决于陆地传热的能力。[4] 最大的温度改变在干旱及砂质土壤中出现,这是由于其传导能力较差,只有非常少的有效比热容,且没有水汽蒸发。目前有效比热容最高的是水面,因近水面混水的情况,及太阳热量辐射直达水中几米。再者,在海洋中约90%的辐射都被用作蒸发,故此海水温度改变得很慢。[4]

靠近海洋的地点,视乎盛行风向及强度,其陆性率的影响较为温和。[4] 不过,每个大洲边缘的地方都会受到北行或南行洋流的影响。在大部分地方,陆性率可以解释平均气温及1月至7月间气温的改变。[4]

参考

[编辑]
  1. ^ 大陸性气候. [失效链接]
  2. ^ 大陸性气候. [永久失效链接]
  3. ^ 大陸度. [2011-08-02]. (原始内容存档于2017-12-01). 
  4. ^ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 continentality. Encyclopædia Britannica. 2009 [2009-10-05]. (原始内容存档于2015-04-29). 
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陆性率
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