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阿莱布里赫

瓦哈卡市场里的阿莱布里赫
制作中的纸雕阿莱布里赫

阿莱布里赫(西班牙语:alebrije)是墨西哥民间艺术特有的一类色彩艳丽的奇幻生物手工艺品。

历史

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这一艺术形式由墨西哥工匠佩德罗·利纳雷斯于1936年创造。[1]其灵感源于利纳雷斯一次生病卧床时梦到的各种异兽。等到康复后,他在这些梦中意象的基础上创造了许多纸雕作品,并将它们命名为“阿莱布里赫”。后来,库埃纳瓦卡的一间画廊老板发现了他的作品,并引起了墨西哥著名艺术家迭戈·里维拉弗里达·卡罗夫妇的注意。[2][3]1975年,英国电影人朱迪丝·布洛诺夫斯基(Judith Bronowski)拍摄了一部纪录片介绍利纳雷斯的作品,使其逐渐广为人知。

利纳雷斯最初创作的都是纸雕工艺品,后来瓦哈卡雕刻家曼努埃尔·拉米雷斯英语曼努埃尔·拉米雷斯等则用木雕来打造利纳雷斯的这些奇特生物,并与瓦哈卡的木雕动物传统相结合。随着木雕阿莱布里赫的流行,当地用来雕刻这些工艺品的光叶裂榄木(Bursera glabrifolia)被大量砍伐,濒临灭绝。[4]

1990年,利纳雷斯因创造了阿莱布里赫而获颁墨西哥国家艺术与科学奖。[2]

2007年起,墨西哥民间艺术博物馆英语Museo de Arte Popular每年都会在墨西哥城举办阿莱布里赫游行(Desfile de alebrijes en Ciudad de México)。[5][6]

参考文献

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  1. ^ Anaya, Edgar. El Monstruo de la Ciudad de Mexico [The Monster of Mexico City]. Reforma (Mexico City). November 11, 2001: 14 (西班牙语). 
  2. ^ 2.0 2.1 Gallucci, Maria. Alebrijes to march on Mexico City. McClatchy – Tribune Business News (Washington, D.C.). October 25, 2009. 
  3. ^ Taller de alebrijes Un emprendimiento Imparte Marcos Zenteno con "Capital Semilla" [Alebrije Workshop entrepreneurship taught by Marcos Zenteno with "seed money"]. Cuautla, Mexico: El Sol de Cuautla. October 4, 2007 [April 17, 2010]. (原始内容存档于2019-07-13) (西班牙语). 
  4. ^ Chibnik, Michael; Silvia Purata. Conserving copalillo: The creation of sustainable Oaxacan wood carvings. Agriculture and Human Values (Gainesville, FL). March 2007, 24 (1): 17–29. doi:10.1007/s10460-006-9033-1. 
  5. ^ 6to. Desfile y Concurso de Alebrijes Monumentales del Museo de Arte Popular 2012 [Sixth Parade and Contst of Monumental Alebrijes of the Museo de Arte Popular 2012]. Mexico City: Government of Mexico City. [October 20, 2012]. (原始内容存档于October 23, 2012) (西班牙语). 
  6. ^ Noche de alebrijes en el Centro Histórico [Night of the Alebrijes in the historic center]. Mexico City: Artes e Historia magazine. [October 20, 2012]. (原始内容存档于2009年10月29日) (西班牙语). 
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阿莱布里赫
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