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阿拉霍西亚

约公元前300年的阿拉霍西亚

阿拉霍西亚(Arachosia)是古代阿契美尼德帝国塞琉西帝国孔雀王朝帕提亚帝国的一个行省的希腊名称,它包括现今阿富汗东南部及巴基斯坦和印度的部分地区。赫尔曼丹河(Helmand River)流经阿拉霍西亚并提供南阿富汗最肥沃的土地。当中最大的城市坎大哈,据说是由亚历山大大帝建立及命名。

阿拉霍西亚在巴克特里亚正南方,以兴都库什山脉为界。南面是格德罗西亚(即现今俾路支省)、西面是德兰吉安纳(现今锡斯坦),而东面则是印度河。西北地区有Pactyans,一个古印度–依朗部族(梨俱吠陀的Pakthas),他们可能是现今普什图族的祖先。南及东南区有罗普拉提人(据信是印度的罗希拉人、拉杰普特人及阿富汗人的共同祖先)和欧里塔人(阿腊塔人或阿罗拉人)

亚历山大大帝时期的阿拉霍西亚

阿拉霍西亚的北面及西北面部分属于米底王国的领土。公元前六世纪,居鲁士二世征服阿拉霍西亚其余地区,将阿契美尼德帝国的疆界推进至印度河。公元前325年,马其顿帝国亚历山大大帝征服了整个波斯帝国,直至印度河。其后,先后成为塞琉西帝国希腊-巴克特里亚王国(Greco-Bactrian Kingdom)的辖区。南及东南地区保留着佛教及印度教文化,直至公元7世纪中后期阿拉伯帝国的入侵。

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阿拉霍西亚
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