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阿拉伯半岛

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阿拉伯半岛
半岛
国家  巴林
 阿曼
 沙特阿拉伯
 阿联酋
 也门
 卡塔尔
 科威特
接壤 美索不达米亚(北部)
西奈半岛(西部)
最高点 也门纳比沙伊卜山
 - 海拔 3,666 m(12,028 ft
 - 坐标 15°16′45″N 45°58′33″E / 15.27917°N 45.97583°E / 15.27917; 45.97583
人口 约7,800万人
阿拉伯半岛的位置

阿拉伯半岛(/əˈrbiə/; 阿拉伯语:شِبْهُ الْجَزِيرَةِ الْعَرَبِيَّة‎, shibhu l-jazīrati l-ʿarabiyyah, “阿拉伯半岛”或 جَزِيرَةُ الْعَرَب‎, jazīratu l-ʿarab,意为“阿拉伯人的岛”)[1]位于西亚,其西边和非洲接壤,它从中东向东南方伸入印度洋。面积3,237,500 km2(1,250,000 sq mi),是世界上最大的半岛[2][3][4][5][6]。向西它与非洲的边界是苏伊士运河红海曼德海峡。向南它伸入阿拉伯海印度洋。向东它与伊朗波斯湾阿曼湾相望。沙特阿拉伯也门阿曼阿拉伯联合酋长国位于阿拉伯半岛上。其中以沙特阿拉伯的面积最大,占据大部分的阿拉伯半岛。

阿拉伯半岛常年受副高压带信风带控制,非常干燥,几乎整个半岛都是热带沙漠气候区并有面积较大的无流区,缺乏天然淡水资源,本区有七个没有河流的国家。半岛沿波斯湾周围有大量石油储藏,自从20世纪陆续成功开采后,给阿拉伯半岛上临波斯湾的国家带来了巨大的财富。

阿拉伯半岛是伊斯兰教的诞生地。伊斯兰教的创教人穆罕默德在这里出生和生活。半岛上的麦加是伊斯兰教的圣地。以阿拉伯半岛为中心的阿拉伯帝国曾横跨欧亚非大陆。今天半岛上所有国家都以伊斯兰教为国教,并以逊尼派占多数。

参考文献

  1. ^ Arabia | peninsula, Asia. Encyclopedia Britannica. [2020-06-22]. (原始内容存档于2015-05-03) (英语). 
  2. ^ Niz, Ellen Sturm. Peninsulas. Capstone. 2006-04-10: 19. ISBN 9780736861427 (英语). 
  3. ^ McColl, R. W. Encyclopedia of World Geography. Infobase Publishing. 2014-05-14 [2020-06-22]. ISBN 9780816072293. (原始内容存档于2021-03-17) (英语). 
  4. ^ Condra, Jill. Encyclopedia of National Dress: Traditional Clothing Around the World [2 Volumes]. ABC-CLIO. 2013-04-09 [2020-06-22]. ISBN 9780313376375. (原始内容存档于2021-03-17) (英语). 
  5. ^ Dodge, Christine Huda. The Everything Understanding Islam Book: A Complete and Easy to Read Guide to Muslim Beliefs, Practices, Traditions, and Culture. Simon and Schuster. 2003-04-01 [2020-06-22]. ISBN 9781605505459. (原始内容存档于2021-03-17) (英语). 
  6. ^ 15 Largest Peninsulas in the World. WorldAtlas. [2017-10-21]. (原始内容存档于2021-03-17) (英语). 

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阿拉伯半岛
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