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阿布·雅各布·优素福

阿布·雅各布·优素福
哈里发
阿布·雅各布·优素福统治时期铸造的钱币
统治1163–1184
前任阿卜杜勒·慕敏
继任阿布·优素福·雅各布·曼苏尔
出生1135
丁梅尔
逝世1184
埃武拉一带
安葬
丁梅尔
全名
阿布·雅各布·优素福·本·阿卜杜勒·慕敏
朝代穆瓦希德王朝
父亲阿卜杜勒·慕敏
宗教信仰伊斯兰教

阿布·雅各布·优素福(阿拉伯语:أبو يعقوب يوسف‎;1135年—1184年10月14日),又称优素福一世[1]穆瓦希德王朝哈里发,1163年至1184年在位。

塞维利亚吉拉达钟楼、塞维利亚王宫以及瓜代拉堡的要塞都是阿布·雅各布·优素福下令修建的[2]

生平

优素福是穆瓦希德首位哈里发阿卜杜勒·慕敏之子,母亲是马斯穆达柏柏尔人,外祖父是伊本·图马特的信众之一[3][4]。优素福在1163年即位。优素福也是一位宗教学者,遵奉扎希丽派法学,据称会熟练背诵布哈里圣训穆斯林圣训实录[5]。优素福在宫廷内募集了一批学术名人,哲学家伊本·图费勒(Ibn Tufail)和伊本·鲁世德都曾在其宫廷中任职[6],通才伊本·马达厄(Ibn Maḍāʾ)担任其首席法官[7]。优素福在帝国境内推行基于伊本·图马特的宗教改革政策,查禁不符合扎希丽派教义的文献,其子曼苏尔即位后将之集中烧毁[8]

1170年,优素福进军伊比利亚半岛,征服了安达卢斯,攻占巴伦西亚加泰罗尼亚,在当地展开掠夺。翌年,他在塞维利亚宣告成为安达卢斯的统治者[9]

1184年,阿布·雅各布·优素福在围攻葡萄牙圣塔伦期间负伤,在返回塞维利亚途中死亡[10]。其遗体葬于丁梅尔[1]

参考文献

  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 Abdelwahid al-Marrakushi "al-Mojib fi Talkhis Akhbar al-Maghrib" [The Pleasant Book in Summarizing the History of the Maghreb] (1224) pp.125-126
  2. ^ Bennison, Amira K. The Almoravid and Almohad Empires. Edinburgh University Press. 2016. 
  3. ^ Gordon, Matthew S.; Hain, Kathryn A. Concubines and Courtesans: Women and Slavery in Islamic History. Oxford University Press. 2017: 147. ISBN 9780190622183 (英语). 
  4. ^ Huici Miranda, A. Abū Yaʿḳūb Yūsuf. Bearman, P.; Bianquis, Th.; Bosworth, C.E.; van Donzel, E.; Heinrichs, W.P. (编). Encyclopaedia of Islam I 2nd. Leiden, Netherlands: Brill Publishers: 162. 1986 [1960] [2021-02-17]. ISBN 9004081143. (原始内容存档于2019-12-13). 
  5. ^ Shawqi Daif, Introduction to Ibn Mada's Refutation of the Grammarians, pg. 5. Cairo, 1947.
  6. ^ Kojiro Nakamura, "Ibn Mada's Criticism of Arab Grammarians." Orient, v. 10, pgs. 89-113. 1974
  7. ^ Kees Versteegh英语Kees Versteegh, The Arabic Linguistic Tradition, pg. 142. Part of Landmarks in Linguistic Thought series, vol. 3. New York: Routledge, 1997. ISBN 9780415157575
  8. ^ Shawqi Daif, Introduction to Ibn Mada's Refutation of the Grammarians, pg. 6. Cairo, 1947.
  9. ^ "The History of the Mohammedan Dynasties in Spain," taken from Ahmed Mohammed al-Maqqari's Nafhut Tibb min Ghusn al-Andalus al-Ratib wa Tarikh Lisan ad-Din Ibn al-Khatib. Translated by Pascual de Gayangos y Arce from copies in the British Museum. Pg. 319. London: The Orientalist Translation Fund of Great Britain and Ireland. Sold by W. H. Allen Ltd and M. Duprat.
  10. ^ Huici Miranda, A. Abū Yaʿḳūb Yūsuf. Bearman, P.; Bianquis, Th.; Bosworth, C.E.; van Donzel, E.; Heinrichs, W.P. (编). Encyclopaedia of Islam I 2nd. Leiden, Netherlands: Brill Publishers英语Brill Publishers: 161. 1986 [1960] [2021-02-17]. ISBN 9004081143. (原始内容存档于2019-12-13). 
前任:
阿卜杜勒·慕敏
穆瓦希德王朝
1163年—1184年
继任:
阿布·优素福·雅各布·曼苏尔
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阿布·雅各布·优素福
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