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阿凡达航天飞机

阿凡达航天飞机 AVATAR RLV
阿凡达航天飞机模型
用途航天飞机
制造者DRDO/ISRO
制造国家 印度
外型及质量参数
级数1/2
业载量
发射历史
现状Testing prototypes[1]
发射场Satish Dhawan Space Centre
总发射次数
首次发射2025 (proposed)[2]
芯一级
燃料LOX/LH2

阿凡达航天飞机(梵语अवतार )(Avatar "Aerobic Vehicle for Transatmospheric Hypersonic Aerospace TrAnspoRtation")是印度的航天飞机计划,预定2025年实现,2001年前就由印度国防研究开发组织设计概念,一个总部设在海德拉巴的CIM科技公司也参加了这个计划。原订计划中是一种全机体重复使用的太空载具,然而技术难点无法突破,现公布的模型比较类似美国和苏联航天飞机的小型版,机体位于火箭前端进入太空后抛弃火箭。[3]

原始概念是,阿凡达像普通飞机一样从机场上水准起飞其机身极长,类似将助推火箭纳入机身,但是较传统火箭尺寸还是小上许多,用涡轮风扇、冲压发动机和超音速燃料发动机的组合,达到10公里的巡航高度;然后在此高度上启动火箭发动机推入太空。在太空中完成任务后,离开轨道重新进入大气层,利用自身动力在普通机场上着陆。一架阿凡达能重复使用100次。其机身内建火箭能成功产生足推力的秘密在于火箭发动机所需要的21吨液氧将在最初1个小时大气层巡航过程中从大气中吸收并制造出来。在大气层中飞行时会吸进空气,然后把气分离出来并液化储存,由于前段飞行又是靠气动升力达到高空,所以不需要那么大的液态燃料槽。[4]

参考文献

  1. ^ India’s Futuristic Unmanned Space Shuttle Getting Final Touches. EXPRESS NEWS SERVICE (Indian Defence Research Wing). 20 May 2015 [2015-05-20]. (原始内容存档于2015-05-21). 
  2. ^ Wednesday, August 03, 2011India's Space Shuttle [Reusable Launch Vehicle (RLV)] program. AA Me, IN. 2011 [2014-10-22]. (原始内容存档于2014-10-22). 
  3. ^ "AVATAR- Hyper Plane to be built by INDIA". India's Military and Civilian Technological Advancements. December 19, 2011.
  4. ^ 印度瞄准新的太空飞机概念 互联网档案馆存档,存档日期2011-04-02.
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阿凡达航天飞机
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