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防城起义

钦廉防城起义形势图

丁未钦州和防城之役是1907年孙文领导的在大清钦州防城发动的起义。

背景

1907年春,孙文、黄兴胡汉民等人在越南河内设立同盟会总机关,负责部署广东广西云南的武装起义。同年春夏之交,广东钦州三那(那黎、那彭、那思)地区人民因糖捐苛重,推举代表数十人请求蠲减糖捐,竟被地方官府无理扣押。三那人民愤慨异常,组织“万人会”,推豪富刘思裕为首领,入城抢出代表。群众的抗捐斗争由请愿发展成为武装暴动。起义群众又推梁建葵、梁少廷赴越南河内见孙中山,请求援助。[1]

过程

1907年春,广东钦州三那(那黎、那彭、那思)地区人民因糖捐苛重,推举代表数十人请求蠲减糖捐,竟被地方官府无理扣押。三那人民愤慨异常,组织“万人会”,推豪富刘思裕为首领,入城抢出代表。群众的抗捐斗争由请愿发展成为武装暴动。起义群众又推梁建葵、梁少廷赴越南河内见孙中山,请求援助。孙中山委派同盟会员王和顺为“中华国民军南军都督”,前往钦廉地区,联络民团、会党,扩大起义斗争。王和顺与新军标统赵声(同盟会员)约攻南宁,因运动南宁清军内应未果,乃更改计划。1907年9月1日,王和顺率二百余人在钦州的王光山起义,兼程袭取防城。4日防城新军倒戈内应,起义军占领防城。王和顺以“中国国民军南军都督”名义发布《告粤省同胞文》、《告海外同胞文》等文告,申明起义宗旨“以自由、平等、博爱为根本”,历数清朝罪恶,斥责立宪派。[1]

9月5日,起义军占领防城,杀死知县[2],起义军原拟取钦州为根据地,因黄兴策动驻军统领郭人漳反正未遂,乃转攻灵山,与清军激战三日未克。起义军进攻灵山时,郭人漳一面派兵尾追,一面乘机攻占防城,使起义军腹背受敌。9月中旬,王和顺只得宣布解散国民军,前往越南。梁建葵率余部退入十万大山。历时半月的钦廉防城起义失败。[1]

参考资料

  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 1.2 《辛亥革命英烈谱》. 钦廉防城起义. 辛亥革命纪念馆. 辛亥武昌首义同志会(台湾). [2022-04-15]. (原始内容存档于2022-04-15). 
  2. ^ 《辛亥革命图史》. 本社编 武汉:湖北美术出版社 2011 第204页. 
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防城起义
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