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键合异构

键合异构配位化合物结构异构的一种形式,配体通过不同的配位原子与中心原子配位。生成的配合物称为键合异构体,配体称为两可配体

历史

首先制得的键合异构体是[Co(NH3)5(NO2)]Cl2,制得的两种该配合物具有不同的物理性质。红色异构体中亚硝酸根以氮原子配位,黄色异构体中亚硝酸根则以一个氧原子配位,写为[Co(NH3)5(ONO)]2+。进一步的实验表明,在紫外线照射下,红色的异构体会自发转变为黄色的异构体。

虽然键合异构现象早在十九世纪晚期就已经发现,但直到1907年才对该现象做出解释。[1]

[Co(NH3)5(NO2)]2+的两种键合异构体。

配体

以下配体的配合物常会产生键合异构体

典型的键合异构体如紫色的[(NH3)5Co-SCN]2+及橙黄色的[(NH3)5Co-NCS]2+。硫配位的化合物与氮配位的化合物之间存在互变,且异构化反应是分子内的。[2]

参考资料

  1. ^ Werner, A. “Über strukturisomere Salze der Rhodanwasserstoffsäure und der salpetrigen Säure” Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 1907, volume 40, 765-788. DOI: 10.1002/cber.190704001117
  2. ^ Buckingham, D. A.; Creaser, I. I.; Sargeson, A. M. "Mechanism of Base Hydrolysis for CoIII(NH3)5X2+ Ions. Hydrolysis and Rearrangement for the Sulfur-Bonded Co(NH3)5SCN2+ Ion" Inorganic Chemistry (1970), volume 9, pages 655-61.
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键合异构
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