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银杉

银杉
化石时期:30.0–0 Ma
科学分类 编辑
界: 植物界 Plantae
演化支 维管植物 Tracheophyta
门: 松柏门 Pinophyta
纲: 松柏纲 Pinopsida
目: 松柏目 Pinales
科: 松科 Pinaceae
属: 银杉属 Cathaya
种:
银杉 C. argyrophylla
二名法
Cathaya argyrophylla
Chun & Kuang, 2010

银杉学名Cathaya argyrophylla)是松科银杉属拉丁语Cathaya),为中国特产的稀有树种。

种加名 argyrophylla 意为“银色叶子的”。

形态

常绿乔木,高可达20米,枝平列,小枝有毛。叶两型,生长枝上的叶放射状散生,长4~5厘米;短枝上的叶轮生,长不到2.5厘米,线形,下面有白色气孔带。长椭圆卵形球果,长3~5厘米,圆形至卵圆形种鳞。有13~16个,长1.5~2.5厘米,上面有两个种子,有长椭圆形薄翅。

生态

分布于气候潮湿,年均温8.4~14.8℃;多雾,年均相对湿度80%以上的地区。土壤为黄壤、黄棕壤、黄色石灰土,PH3.5~6.0,土层浅薄,多砾石。银杉喜光,幼苗需庇荫。耐寒性较强,能忍受-15℃低温。10月球果成熟,种鳞张开,种子散落;种子有休眠特性,易丧失发芽力。

分布

主要分布于中国广西东北部、四川南部、湖南南部、贵州西北部。1956年始发现。

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银杉
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