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钟螺科

钟螺科
精巧攀氏螺贝壳侧视图
科学分类 编辑
界: 动物界 Animalia
门: 软体动物门 Mollusca
纲: 腹足纲 Gastropoda
目: 钟螺目 Trochida
总科: 钟螺总科 Trochoidea
科: 钟螺科 Trochidae
Rafinesque, 1815
亚科

视乎采用的分类,可分为六个到九个亚科,见内文[1]

马蹄螺科学名Trochidae),又称钟螺科,是软体动物门腹足纲原始腹足目的一个科。贝壳多呈圆锥形蜗牛形、耳形、陀螺形不等,从非常细小到很大的海螺都有。生活于浅海的珊瑚礁、岩石底。

本科物种的解剖结构都比较原始,例如:心脏只有两个心房受精于体外。肾脏只有一个,其第二个嗅检器在进化过程中失去。

分类

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本科原属原始腹足目(Archaeogastropoda),根据布歇特和洛克罗伊的腹足类分类 (2005年)”被归入古腹足类(Vetigastropoda,又名原始腹足类)之下的钟螺总科[2],较新的分类会再分为九个亚科[1]。以下为截至2017年1月4日 (2017-01-04)WoRMS的最新分类,包括十个亚科[3]

  • subfamily Alcyninae Williams, Donald, Spencer & Nakano, 2010:只有Alcyna一个属;
  • 甲虫螺亚科 Cantharidinae Gray, 1857:下领24个属;
  • 金口螺亚科 Chrysostomatinae Williams, Donald, Spencer & Nakano, 2010:下领两属[1]
    • 凹螺属 Chlorostoma Pilsbry, 1889
    • 金口螺属 Chrysostoma Swainson, 1840
  • subfamily Fossarininae Bandel, 2009:下领五个属;
  • subfamily Halistylinae Keen, 1958:下领四个属;
  • subfamily Kaiparathininae B.A. Marshall英语Bruce A. Marshall, 1993:原为本科之下的Kaiparathinini族,只有Kaiparathina Laws, 1941这个属[4][5]
  • 单齿螺亚科 Monodontinae Gray, 1857:原有七个属[6],当中两个属独立出去成为金口螺亚科,余下四个有现生种的属及一个只有化石种的属;
  • 口螺亚科 Stomatellinae Gray, 1840[6][7]:原来口螺科 Stomatellidae Gray, 1840(亦作Stomatiidae)[6][7],下领六个属;
  • 钟螺亚科 Trochinae Rafinesque, 1815:下领15个属;
  • 䗉螺亚科 Umboniinae H. Adams & A. Adams, 1854 (1840)[6]:Lirulariinae Hickman & McLean, 1990是本亚科的同种异名,下领20个属,旧有分类还可分为三个族,但各属所归的族有争议;
  • 以下7个属的亚科地位未定[8]
    • Anticonulus Cossmann, 1918
    • Callumbonella Thiele, 1924[9]
    • Coeloconulus Nützel, 2012[10]
    • 衣尼螺属 Enida A. Adams, 1860[6]
    • Eocalliostoma O. Haas, 1953
    • Labio Gray, 1850
    • Omphalomargarites Habe & Ito, 1965

另外,

  • Intortia Egorova, 1972过往曾被归入本科的亚科地位未定分类支,现时确认实为Lissotesta Iredale, 1915同种异名,属于陀螺总科之下的科地位未定分类元[11]。这个属之下只有Intortia homocostata Egorova, 1972这个物种,现时被认为其实是Lissotesta similis (Thiele, 1912)的同种异名[11]
  • Umbonella A. Adams, 1863采用了跟Umbotrochus Perner, 1904相同的属名,而且被发现其实是Callumbonella Thiele, 1924的同种异名。
  • Tropidomarga Powell英语Arthur William Baden Powell, 1951现时改属钟螺总科之下的蝾螺科[12]。本属物种就只有Tropidomarga biangulata Powell英语Arthur William Baden Powell, 1951这一个物种[12]

参考文献

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  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 1.2 S.T. Williams, K.M. Donald, H.G. Spencer, T. Nakano. Molecular systematics of the marine gastropod families Trochidae and Calliostomatidae (Mollusca: Superfamily Trochoidea). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution: 783–809. [2018-04-02]. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2009.11.008. (原始内容存档于2019-10-15). 
  2. ^ Bouchet, P.; Rocroi, J.-P.; Frýda, J.; Hausdorf, B.; Ponder, W.; Valdés, Á. & Warén, A. Classification and nomenclator of gastropod families. Malacologia (Hackenheim, Germany: ConchBooks). 2005, 47 (1–2): 1–397. ISBN 3-925919-72-4. OCLC 61351079. OL 42989175M. S2CID 83847814. 
  3. ^ Gofas, Serge. Trochidae Rafinesque, 1815. WoRMS. 2017-01-04 [2017-05-25]. 
  4. ^ Williams, Suzanne T. Advances in molecular systematics of the vetigastropod superfamily Trochoidea. Zoologica Scripta. 2012, 41 (6): 571–595 [2017-05-25]. doi:10.1111/j.1463-6409.2012.00552.x. (原始内容存档于2018-02-13) (英语). 
  5. ^ Bouchet, Philippe. Kaiparathininae B. A. Marshall, 1993. WoRMS. 2013-01-03 [2017-05-25]. 
  6. ^ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 中国科学院中国动物志编辑委员会主编;董正之编著 (编). 中国动物志 无脊椎动物. 第29卷 软体动物门 腹足纲 原始腹足目 马蹄螺总科. 科学出版社. 2002: 210页 [2017-05-25]. ISBN 703009509X. (原始内容存档于2019-07-24) (中文(简体)). 
  7. ^ 7.0 7.1 Gofas, Serge. Stomatellinae Gray, 1840. WoRMS. 2009-02-02 [2017-05-25]. 
  8. ^ Bouchet, Philippe. [unassigned] Trochidae. WoRMS. 2017-01-04 [2017-05-25]. 
  9. ^ Callumbonella Thiele, 1924. WoRMS. 2013-06-01 [2017-05-25]. 
  10. ^ Bouchet, Philippe. Coeloconulus Nützel, 2012 †. WoRMS. 2017-01-04 [2017-05-25]. 
  11. ^ 11.0 11.1 Gofas, Serge; Bouchet, Philippe; Appeltans, Ward. Intortia Egorova, 1972. WoRMS. 2013-03-27 [2017-05-25]. 
  12. ^ 12.0 12.1 Marshall, Bruce; Rosenberg, Gary; Tran, Bastien. Tropidomarga biangulata Powell, 1951. WoRMS. 2015-01-06 [2017-05-25].  |author-link=|authorlink1=只需其一 (帮助)

外部链接

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钟螺科
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