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铁王冠

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铁王冠

铁王冠意大利语Corona Ferrea拉丁语Corona Ferrea)为一件著名的圣髑,同时其也是基督教世界中最古老的皇室象征之一。铁王冠铸造于中世纪前期,它的外观主要以黄金打制成饰环英语Circlet的样式,并镶嵌有贵重的宝石。在传统上,铁王冠中央一道宽约一公分的环圈,被认为是使用真十字架上的圣钉英语Holy Nail所制成的。由于铁王冠被视为伦巴底王国的遗物和王权象征英语Regalia,因此中世纪的历任神圣罗马帝国皇帝,皆会在即位仪式上使用铁王冠来加冕为意大利王国的国王。铁王冠现今保存于邻近米兰蒙扎大教堂内。

描述

铁王冠之所以如此命名,是因为它内部有一条一厘米宽的金属带,据说是用耶稣受难时使用的圣钉打制而成。表冠的外圈由六段打金制成,部分上釉,透过铰链连接在一起。它镶有 22 颗宝石,这些宝石以十字架和花朵的形状浮雕突出。它的小尺寸及铰链接构让一些人认为它最初是一个大臂镯,或者最有可能是一个还愿冠。根据Bartolomeo Zucchi和Ludovico Antonio Muratori等早期现代学者的说法,其较小的尺寸是由于失去两个节段后的重新调整造成的。

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铁王冠
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