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银行控股公司.
银行控股公司(英语:bank holding company),又称为金融控股公司(英语:finance holding company;简称“金控”、“FHC”),系透过成立一间控股公司的间接方式来进行金融业跨业整合。金融控股公司未必直接从事金融业务或其他商业[1],但它可投资控股的范围则包括了银行业、票券业、信用卡业、信托业、保险业、证券业、期货业、创投业、外国金融机构等。整合后可透过交叉行销,在同一个行销通路上贩卖保险、证券、债券、信用卡等各种金融商品以产生综效的组织型态。
金控的各个关系企业间可借此紧密连结后,突破以往金融分业的藩篱,透过金融控股公司的交叉行销(Cross-Selling),在同一个行销通路上贩卖保险、证券、债券、信用卡等各种金融商品,并借此提升各个金控子公司对客户效率化的服务,进而降低管销费用成本,提高竞争力,以提供“一次购足、一站到底”的全方位金融服务。
历史
美国
在经济大恐慌后,美系银行间所建立禁止银行跨业的银行业防火墙机制(分业机制),在欧系的综合银行强力竞争之下欠缺竞争力,故在金融业百货公司化的市场要求下,二十世纪八十年代在美国出现以银行控股公司经营不同金融行业。
中华民国(台湾)
中华民国立法院于2001年通过《金融控股公司法》,此后台湾各家金融控股公司陆续成立,成为今日台湾金融产业的骨干。
截至2022年底,台湾有15家金融控股公司,其中5家具有公营背景。民营金控中,鹿港辜家经营的中信金控及开发金控、吴火狮家族的经营新光金控及台新金控、蔡福安家族经营的国泰金控及富邦金控,被合称为“辜辜吴吴蔡蔡”。
问题
如何借由财务面的分析找出彼此的优势而能够彼此互补,再者就是合并成为金控后落实原先预期的相关计划,使金控的综效发挥到极致,成为名副其实的“金控”,这才是金控组成后的重要工作,否则,一切为合并而合并,并没有事先做过审慎评估,而盲目改制,一旦挂牌上市后,投资人很快就会从股价加以反应。
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