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定量研究

在社会科学中,定量研究(英语:Quantitative research),或又称为量化研究,指的是采用统计数学计算技术等方法来对社会现象进行系统性的经验考察。这种研究的目标是发展及运用与社会现象有关的数学模型理论或假设。定量研究中最重要的过程是测量的过程,因为这个过程根本上连结了现象的“经验观察”与“数学表示”。量化数据包括以统计百分比等数字形式呈现的各种资料。定量研究方法一般会经历获得数据、数据预分、数据分析和分析报告四个阶段。定量研究方法采用统计线性规划两种分析方法。

统计

统计包含以下几种方法:

  • 基本统计分析方法
  1. 其中包含描述性分析:总量分析、相对数分析、平均数、变异指数等。
  2. 集中趋势概率分析:算数平均数中位数众数
  3. 离散程度分析:极差方差
  • 列表分析
  • 假设检验分析
  1. 分布样式
  2. 参数估计(包含区间
  3. 统程
  4. 多项分析与X2检验
  • 多元统计分析
  1. 一元线性回归分析
  2. 聚类分析

线性规划

线性规划一般是涉及运筹矩阵等方法。

参见

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定量研究
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